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1.4 Principles and Theories of Learning Movement Skills (Operant…
1.4 Principles and Theories of Learning Movement Skills
Operant conditioning (Thorndike)
Learning using association / connection via stimulus response bonds.
Thorndikes law of effect
The result of your response dictates the next response based on satisfiers and annoyers.
Thorndikes law of excercise
The correct response to a stimulus needs to be practised for learning to occur by strengthening S-R bonds.
Thorndikes law of learning
Learning by problem solving, insight learning and considering the problem as a whole (Gestalt Theory).
Thorndikes law of readiness
Performer's must be physically and mentally mature enough to respond appropriately, perform a skill and strengthen S-R bonds.
Observational learning (Bandura)
Watching a demonstration and then copying it
Process one- Attention
Observer selectively attends demonstration and key points highlighted by verbal guidance. High status performers draw more focus.
Process two- Retention
Observer needs to remember the demonstration watched. Repeated demonstrations aid this process.
Process three- Motor reproduction
Observer must be mentally and physically capable of performing the skill.
Process four- Motivation
Observer must have the drive to want to copy the model. Praise / positive reinforcement encourages copying.