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242 Years of FREEDOM (FOREIGN POLICY (DETENTE: The strategy used by…
242 Years of FREEDOM
FOREIGN POLICY
DETENTE: The strategy used by Richard Nixon to help ease tensions with the USSR by sitting down and talking over disagreements with the leader of the Soviet Union.
VIETNAM: At the Beginning of the Vietnam War, JFK and Lyndon Johnson proposed the the US should help South Vietnam fight against communist North Vietnam to help contain communism. After the US public showed prominent disliking of the war, Richard Nixon turned to a policy of Vietnamization, which pulled US troops out of vietnam slowly
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BIG STICK DIPLOMACY: The idea created by Teddy Roosevelt that says that the US will speak softly, but will use force when necessary to advance diplomacy.
MORAL DIPLOMACY: Created by Woodrow Wilson and was the belief that diplomacy should be given to those countries with the same beliefs of the US
ECONOMY
NORTH VS SOUTH: The northern economy was centered around industry, whereas the southern economy was built around agriculture and the plantation system.
REAGANOMICS: Also known as Supply-Side economics, this states that if the wealthy have more money, then prosperity will "trickle down" to the rest of society as the rich invest in building factories and hire workers.
CAPITALISM: an economic system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit
CONSERVATIVE VS. LIBERAL: Conservative economies have lower taxes, less regulation on the markets, and more money put into national defense. A liberal economy favors higher taxes, more regulated markets, and more money put into social programs.
TRADE AGREEMENTS: Notable trade agreements include NAFTA, an agreement for free trade between Mexico, Canada, and the US. Another trade agreement is the Open Door Policy, which stated that China had to trade with the US
PEOPLE
RONALD REAGAN: 40th President of the US, revolutionized the Economy with his idea of Reaganomics, helped ease tensions with the USSR, and helped end the Cold War.
FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT: 32nd President of the US, introudced the New Deal after the Great Depression, which helped give jobs and stabilize the economy, only president to serve 4 terms in office.
MARTIN LUTHER KING JR: A major figure in the Civil Rights movement, delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington, was assassinated.
LUCRETIA MOTT: Lucretia Mott was a U.S. Quaker, abolitionist, women's rights activist, and social reformer.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN: The 16th President of the US, also the president during the Civil War, signed the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed the slaves.
WARS
REVOLUTIONARY WAR: The first war won by America, the colonists fought against the british for their independence
COLD WAR: This was not really a war, as no battles were fought, but this was a war of words and tension between the two superpowers, the US and USSR, during the late 1900's
MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR: This war was fought in the mid 1800's. The US won, and gained a lot of land in what is now the Southwest US.
CIVIL WAR: This war was fought over the issue of states rights between the north and south, primarily slavery.
WORLD WAR II: Probably the most well known war in history, the US became involved after Japan bombed pearl harbor.
INNOVATIONS
COMPUTERS: Originally the size of entire basements, innovators created smaller, personal computers, which revolutionized the office setting and now almost everyone has a computer or laptop in their home.
AIRPLANES: The Wright Brothers were the first people to successfully fly an airplane, and eventually Airplanes were used in war combat, notably in . WWII with kamikaze bombers, dogfights, and the Tuskegee airmen.
TELEPHONE: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone to be able to talk to one another from longer distances.
SPACE RACE: During the Cold War, the US and USSR tried to 'one-up' eachother by making advancements in space travel. The USSR launched the first satelite, Sputnik, but the US put the first manned mission on the moon with the Apollo 11.
ELECTRICITY: In 1759, Benjamin Franklin discovered the ability to use electricity to power things.
EXPANSION
SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR: After the US won the war, they won Cuba, the Phillipines, Puerto Rico, and Guam from Spain
ANNEXATION OF TEXAS: The US annexed Texas, however for around 10 years they were not formally recognized as part of the US, so Mexico believed that Texas was theirs.
PURCHASE OF ALASKA: Originally deemed as a bad purchase, however the land was very useful, as much of the US' petroleum comes from Alaska
MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR: After the US won, Mexico ceded to them what is now New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, California, and part of Colorado.
MANIFEST DESTINY: the belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and it was God's plan.
REFORM
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FDA: This administration places regulations on the food and drug industries after the book The Jungle revealed the wrongdoings of meat packing plants.
SOCIAL: Social Reform took many years to be accepted by society. Civil Rights acts created in the 1960s to help integrate African Americans are still being rejected. Womens rights reform is still being fought for in present day america.
LABOR: After labor unions and workers continued to strike for better pay and conditions, the US government created laws and administrations that regulated factory conditions and guaranteed better pay for workers.
NEW DEAL: This reform started programs meant to help give jobs to the people and help rebuild the economy. The CCC gave millions of Jobs to young men to help build infrastructure. The SEC was created to help regulate the stock market and to prevent another crash.
EVENTS
GREAT DEPRESSION: After the Stock Market Crashed in 1929, the next ten years were filled with economic disparity. FDR implemented many programs to help the economy recover.
SEPTEMBER 11TH: The World Trade centers, the Pentagon, and a field in Pensylvania were hit by planes that were hijacked by Al Qeada's members
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION: Abraham Lincoln signed this document that freed all of the slaves in states against the Union.
PEARL HARBOR: On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked the naval base at Pearl Harbor, which led to the US joining WWII
MARCH ON WASHINGTON: Thousands of people marched in Washington DC for Civil Rights. Leaders like Malcolm X and MLK were there, and MLK delivered his I have a Dream Speech
CULTURE
SLAVERY: One of the darkest parts of US history, the culture of discrimination of blacks in Slavery covered the Southern US. White males would own plantations and have Africans work on them as slaves with no pay and terrible treatment
RACISM: Even after slavery was abolished, African Americans have been discriminated against even to this day. Jim Crow Laws, Black Codes, Polling taxes, and many other things were all ways to keep blacks out of society
COUNTERCULTURE OF THE 1960'S: In the 1960's, many cultural and sociatal revolutions occured. Social Norms of the US were rejected by much of the youth.
"AMERICAN DREAM": This was the idea that the ideal american dream was to have a house in the suburbs, a father with a good job, a stay at home mom, and kids who were rule followers and succeeded at school.
RED SCARE: Throughout the Cold War, many americans were suspicious that ther were communists living among them. Joseph McCarthy introduced McCarthyism which was a investigation to find communists inside the US government.
DOMESTIC POLICY
ISOLATIONISM: a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.
PATRIOT ACT: Legislation created after the 9/11 attacks that strengthened National Security against terrorists and other foreign threats.
CIVIL RIGHTS: In the 1960's, civil rights was a hot topic in the US. Acts like the Voting Rights Act of 1965 made it unconstitutional to have literacy tests. Many efforts were made to increase the rights of those who had them taken away.
IMMIGRATION: Many restrictions on Immigration have been set throughout the US' history. The Immigration act of 1924 set quotas on the amount of people able to immigrate from each country, and also included the Asian Exclusion Act, which forbid asians from entering the country.
13TH-15TH AMENDMENTS: The 13th amendment freed all slaves, the 14th Amendment guaranteed all people born in the US citizenship, and the 15th amendment guaranteed all men the right to vote.
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