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Price_of_BTC = TD / S
next_difficulty = previous_difficulty * (2 weeks) / (time to mine last 2016 blocks)
s1
s2
(prev, mrkl_root, nonce, PK, s1, s2)
H(prev || PK || nonce || s1) < TARGET
VerifySig(PK, s1, prev || nonce)
VerifySig(PK, s2, prev || mrkl_root)