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3.3.2 Alkanes (Pollution (carbon monoxide: produced by incomplete…
3.3.2 Alkanes
Pollution
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nitrogen oxides: nitrogen and oxygen in air combine when large amount of energy is present e.g. spark in petrol engine; form nitric acid when react with water to form acid rain and photochemical smog
sulfur dioxide: produced from sulfur impurities in crude oil; combines with water vapour in air to form sulfuric acid (acid rain)
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carbon dioxide: greenhouse gas, too much leads to global warming
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Ozone Depletion
Ozone, formed naturally in the upper atmosphere, is beneficial because it absorbs ultraviolet radiation.
Chlorine atoms are formed in the upper atmosphere when ultraviolet radiation causes C–Cl bonds in chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to break.
Chlorine atoms catalyse the decomposition of ozone and contribute to the hole in the ozone layer. (Cl• is regenerated at the end)
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Combustion of Alkanes
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The internal combustion engine produces a number of pollutants including NOx, CO, carbon and unburned hydrocarbons; can be removed using catalytic converters
honeycomb coated with platinum and rhodium (catalysts); larger surface area so not a lot of the expensive materials are needed
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Combustion of hydrocarbons containing sulfur leads to sulfur dioxide that causes air pollution and acid rain
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