Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter 6 (6-2 (PARTS OF A LONG BONE (DIAPHYSIS- shaft A. consists…
Chapter 6
6-2
BONE STRUCTURE- bones are classified according to their shape. A. LONG BONES consist of a shaft with two ends B. examples include thigh bone (femur) and the upper arm bone the humerus
-
FLAT BONES- are thin and usually curved A. examples include most skull bones, breast bone (sternum), shoulder blades (scapulae) and ribs
IRREGULAR BONES- are not long, short or flat some examples are vertebrae and auditory ossicles
-
PARTS OF A LONG BONE
DIAPHYSIS- shaft A. consists of a central medullary cavity (filled with yellow marrow) B. surrounded by a thick collar of compact bone
EPIPHYPSES- expanded ends A. consist mainly of spongy bone B. surrounded by a thin layer of compact bone
EPIPHYSEAL LINE- remnant of epiphyseal disk/ plate A. cartilage at the junction of the diaphysis and epiphyses (growth plates)
PERIOSTEUM- outer, fibrous, protective covering of diaphysis A. richly supplied with blood and lymph vessels, nerves (nutrition) NUTRIENT FORAMEN- perforating canal allowing blood vessels to enter and leave bone B. Osteogenic later contains osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and osteoclasts ( bone-destroying cells) C. serves as insertion for tendons and ligaments
-
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE- pad of hyaline cartilage on the epiphyses where lone bones articulate or join A. "shock absorber"
PARTS OF A FLAT BONE- covered by periosteum-covered compact bone: surrounding endosteum-covered spongy bone : in a flat bone, the arrangement looks like a sandwich: spongy bone (meat) and the two layers of compact bone is the bread A. Hematopiotic tissue- (red marrow) is located in the spongy bone within the epiphyses of long bones and flat bones
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
CHAPTER 6-1
Bone Function: A. Support
1.the bones in legs and pelvis support the trunk
- the atlas (1st vertebra) supports the skull, ect.
B. protection of underlying organs 1. the skull protects the brain 2. The rib cage protects the heart and lungs
Body Movement- skeletal muscles attached to the bones by tendons,,, serve as levers to move bones
Hematopoiesis- def= blood cell formation, all blood cells are formed in the red marrow of certain bones.
Inorganic salt storage--- 1. Bone stores many minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and others,, also a means of calcium homeostasis
- energy storage -- yellow marrow in the shaft of long bones and serve as an important chemical energy reserve
-
-