Cells and Organisation
Organs
Kidneys take care of waste
Lungs take oxygen and expel carbon dioxide
Brain controls most of the seven life processes
Liver helps intestines by storing useful parts of food
The skin is the biggest organ in your body and helps to protect the inside of your biody
The heart pumps blood through the body and the blood carries oxygen to the lungs and can carry food from the intestines
Stomach stores food and breaks down the food to get the nutrients
the cell is the basic unit of all living things
Each cell, whether it is an animal or a plant cell has:
a nucleus which contains genes made of DNA
a cell surface membrane which surrounds it
Cytoplasm which is most of the cell
Plant cells also have
A cellulose cell wall which is a wall of protection
Often have a permanent, liquid filled thing called a vacuole
Animal cells also have
Mitochondria that can release energy from food
Chromosomes which are DNA cells found in the Nucleus
Cells are tiny and you can't see most with the naked eye
An organ system is a group of Organs working together e.g: Nervous system is made up of the Brain,Spinal cord and sensory organs to help the body have control
Various organ systems make an Organsim e.g: The Human Organism
The Seven Life Processes
These are the seven things anything has to have in order for it to be alive
they are
respiration can it breathe
Sensitivity does it respond to its enviroment
Movement can it move under its own power
Nutrition does it nourish itself
Growth can it grow on its own naturally
excretion can it get rid of its unwanted waste
reproduction can it make more of its own kind
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid and contains our genes of who we are given to us by our parents
Stem cells
Stem cells can turn into any form of specialized cells in the body
Specialized cells
A specialized cell is when a cell does one job only and has had its cell structure changed to do that job
large numbers of these cells can be joined up to make up tissue. Muscles are tissue and so is blood
We can repair some body parts and maybe organs by using Stem Cells
Diffusion
Particles such as molecules can spread out through liquids and gasses but not solids. This is called Diffusion
they spread out from the place where they are concentrated
Diffusion takes place when
from a high concentration to a low concentration
until the concentration of the particles in the gasses or liquids are the same
Whenever particles in gasses or liquids mix
Unicellular organisms
Unicellular organisms only have one cell in them but they still show signs of structure adaptation in order to function. Examples of this is the Amoeba which bulges tis cytoplasm to move and the Euglena which can either feed on other organisms or get food from the sunlight
