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The Munich Putsch and the lean years 1923-29 (Reasons for success of the…
The Munich Putsch and the lean years
1923-29
Reason for the Putsch
Hitler believed it would be successful
Hitler believed that Gustav von Kahr and General von Lossow, who were key people in the Bavarian Government, would support any march on Berlin.
Hitler genuinely believed that the Munich Putsch would result in the overthrow of the Weimar Government
The Weimar Government was very unpopular
The Weimar Government was forced to sign the Treaty in 1919
and they were blamed for the hyperinflation during 1923
Hitler thought that people in Germany were desperate for change in the government and hoped for their support on the attack
Nazis were getting stronger
They issued 55,000 membership cards by 1923 and SA had 1500 members by 1923
This meant that Hitler had a lot more confidence in his attempt to take over as he had a lot of support
Reasons for success of the Putsch
Journalists supported Hitler's ideas
Nazis got a lot of publicity from the trial
Hitler's speeches in court won more support for the Nazis
Hitler realised violence was not a successful way of gaining power and he was forced to change tactics
Hitler had time to write his book Mein Kampf and the profits helped fund the Nazi Party
Reasons the Putsch was a failure
Without a leader, the Nazi party began to fall apart
Nazis were now being watched more carefully by authorities
Many middle class Germans looked down on Hitler
As there was an election in 1924, Nazis could not win votes if Hitler was in jail
Why did the support decline in 1924-28
Improvements in the economy
After 1924, economic situation improved and Hitler's speeches seemed less relevant
As the hyperinflation ended and the unemployment fell, people began to like the Weimar Government and its politicians
Weimar Republic was getting stronger
Leaders like Stresemann, people were happy to vote for the SPD and Centre party. Extreme patty had fewer votes
Weimar Republic had some major successes such as the Locarno Treaty and the Kellogg-Briand Pact now that Germany was accepted by other countries
Problems with leadership
Hitler was imprisoned in 1923 for his involvement in the Putsch
While Hitler was in prison. senior Nazis started fighting amongst each other. Men like Goebbels and Strasser started to compete with each other rather than working to get votes
Putsch disaster
Nazi party was embarrassed by the Putsch after their tactics had failed. They looked dangerous and violent and nobody could trust them
Because of the Putsch, the Nazi party was banned and this meant they were not allowed to have their meetings
Bamberg conference (1926)
Established Hitler as the unchallenged leader
Made Nazi party more obedient
Conference confirmed that Hitler was in charge and no one could question Hitler's leadership