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WAVES (Sound waves (In the air, they trigger vibrations in solids., Speed…
WAVES
Sound waves
In the air, they trigger vibrations in solids.
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Properties
Transverse:
Amplitude - area in the wave away from its undisturbed position
Wavelength - point in on wave to the same point in the adjacent wave
Frequency - number of waves per second
Period - time for one wave to pass a point
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Seismic waves
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P waves:
Longitudinal
Travel through liquids and solids
Travel faster than S waves
S waves:
Transverse
Only travel through solids
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Electromagnetic waves
transverse waves, transfer energy from the source to the absorber
radio, microwave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma ray
Convex Lenses
If the image is smaller, it is inverted but if it is bigger then it is magnified
All rays reflected and focus on a point (principal focus), the central ray isn't refracted as it passes directly through the normal, all lenses refract light
Concave lenses
image is always diminished, the right way up and virtual
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Visible light
If white light passes through a prism, it produces a spectrum
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Black body radiation
ALL objects emit infrared radiation, but hotter ones emit more
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Reflection of waves
Incident ray - where the object is reflected
Draw a line 90* to the mirror and measure
the angle of incidence
Angle of incidence is the same as the angle
of reflection
Draw the reflected ray
Use of EM waves
Radio waves - radio, travel a long distance
Ultraviolet - energy efficient bulbs
Visible light - fibre optics, pulses carry info
Infrared - heater, energy easily absorbed
Microwaves - heat food, food contains H2O molecules that absorb energy of microwaves
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