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Adrenergic Pharmacology (Beta (Beta-1 (Stimulation of beta-1 causes…
Adrenergic Pharmacology
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Alpha
Alpha-1
Stimulation of alpha-1 causes vasoconstriction, pupil dilation and bladder contraction
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Tamsulosin is an alpha-1 antagonist - it relaxes the bladder which helps men with prostatic hypertrophy to urinate
Alpha-2
Stimulation of alpha-2 inhibits insulin, adrenaline and ACh release. Causes vasoconstriction
The drug clonidine is an alpha-2 agonist. It inhibits noradrenaline release so is an anti-hypertensive
Coupled with Gi protein, inhibits adenyl cyclase
Yohimbine is an alpha-2 antagonist - it prevents inhibition of noradrenaline release so there is an increase in noradrenaline
Beta
Beta-1
Stimulation of beta-1 causes increased force of heart contraction (+ve inotropic effect), increased heart rate (+ve chronotropic effect), increased electrical conduction in heart, increased renin release from kidney, increased BP
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Atenolol is a beta blocker. It results in a reduced cardiac output for patients with hypertension, angina and arrhythmia
Beta-2
Stimulation of beta-2 causes bronchodilation, vasodilation, reduced GI motility and promotes insulin release
Adrenaline and the drug salbutamol are agonists for beta-2 - they cause bronchodilation - used in asthma patients
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Some beta-blockers are partial agonists - they can stimulate beta receptors as well as acting as antagonists e.g. penbutolol