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Vascular System Biology & Histology (Vascular Organization (Arteries:…
Vascular System Biology & Histology
Circulatory System
Systemic
Pulmonary
Lymphatic
Vasculogensis
Fetal: Fomration of blood vessel from stem cells in blood islands
Fetal and adult: Formation of blood vessel from circulating endothelial cell progenitor cells from bone marrow and other tissues. Integration of these circulating progenitors into growing tissues
Vascular Organization
Arteries: Elastic, muscular, arterioles, SMC, Flows away from heart, surrounded by eleastin, and smooth muscle cells
Capillaries: Sites of gas/nutrient exchange, removal of wastes, pericytes
Veins: FLow towards heart, thin, flaccid walls with valves, less SMC
Lympahtics: No SMC< leaky, by nature to collect intersitial fluids, Have valves for directionality of flow
Normal/Pathological States
Normal: Post-natal develpoment, wound healing, uterine cycles, endurance training, ischemia, organ regneration
Abnormal/Pathological: Tumor vascularization, Karposi saccome, profilterative retinopathy, macular degeneration, warts, rehhumatoid arthritis, obesity, endometriosis, psorasisi, rosecea, atherosclerosis.
Insufficient: Ischemic heart and limb disease, placental insufficiency, non-healing ulcers, pulmonary/systemic hypertension, vascular dementia, lymphedema, impaired wound/fracture healing (diabetes)
Other vascular related pathologies: Atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, aneurysms, stroke/MI, Raynaud's Syndrome, deep vein thrombosis, varicose veins
Angiogenesis
Elongation of vessels from existing vasculature. Through cell division and sprouting. Blood vessel remodeling within tissues. Specialization of vessels fenestrations, diaphragms, veins, arteries, valves.
Vascular Histology
Refer to syllabus charts