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The Multi-Store Model of Memory (The sensory store (Stimuli such as sights…
The Multi-Store Model of Memory
Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed a theory where memory is made up of different stores- sensory, short term and long term.
The sensory store
Stimuli such as sights, smells, sounds enter the sensory store
If we don't pay attention to the source the information decays (fading of information as it breaks down and later forgotten)
Sensory store can hold a lot of info- but only for 2 seconds.
We don't pay attention to the majority of the info that enters the store. Info is encoded by separate stores.
Retrieval failure
Although memory is accessible, we lack the necessary cues (triggers) to recall memory.
Retrieval failure is the inability to recall something because the cue needed to trigger the memory was not present.
Context cues- They're external. refer to being back in the same place the memory was encoded.
State cues are internal- such as your emotional state when the memory was being encoded.
Displacement- when new information pushes other information out of STM. If it hasn't been rehearsed, it will be forgotten.
Short term memory
Has limited capacity
Limited duration
Long term memory
Unlimited capacity and duration
Information goes from STM to be permanently stored.
Maintenance rehearsal is the process of repeating information so that it stays in storage.