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Chpt4: Social Perception (How do ppl determine why others do what they do,…
Chpt4: Social Perception
How do ppl use nonverbal cues to understand others?
Culture & Channels of Nonverbal Communication
eye contact and gaze
Personal space
Display rules
emblems
Facial Expressions of Emotion
Eg. Study of the South Fore
why decoding is difficult
aspects of the same facial expression can have different implications based on context and other cues
cultural differences
ppl display
affect blends
are universal according to Darwin
we form first impressions based on many diff cues within milliseconds
Thin-slicing
draw meaningful conclusions based on brief snippets of behaviour
eg. teaching evaluation
Lingering influence of initial impressions
Primacy effect
Belief perseverance
eg. judge sexual orientation, elections, personalities
Using nonverbal communication to our adv
we can manage how others see us and use our body posture to gain self-confidence
"power posing"
How do ppl determine why others do what they do
Kelley's Covariation model
focuses on how a behaviour covaries across time place, targets
covariation info we examine
Distinctiveness info
Consistency info
Consensus info
To form an attribution abt what caused the behaviour, we mentally keep track of the pattern bet the presence/absence of possible factors & whether the behaviour occurs
Criticisms
even if actor, behaviour & situation is identical, doesn't necessarily mean that our attributions will be the same every time
Ppl don't always have the relevant info they need on all 3 of Kelley's dimensions
Fundamental Attribution Error
Fritz Heider's Attribution Theory
Internal attribution
behaviour explained by person's personality, character
if use this attribution, we'll often form -ve impressions
External attribution
behaviour explained by the situation the person is in
using this attribution, we won't learn much abt the person
Self-serving attributions
Bias Blind spot
Role of Culture in social perception & attribution
Cultural diff in FAE
Holistic vs Analytic thinking