Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
relationships (social exchange theory (rewards, costs and profits:…
relationships
social exchange theory
rewards, costs and profits: thibault and kelleys economic theory, predicting that people want a net profit and try to maximize rewards and minimize costs.
comparison level: amount of reward you think you deserve from a relationship compared to the costs, informed by social norms.
comparison level of alternative: we consider whether we could get more rewards and fewer costs elsewhere
stages of relationship development: sample, bargaining, commitment and institutionalization stages.
ducks phase model
intra-psychic phase: dissatisfied partner considers the dissatisfaction privately and possibly with close friends
dyadic phase: both partners start talking about the relationship, resulting in arguments, negotiations, recrimination
social phase: partners involve their social networks in an attempt t save the relationship and also muster support
grave-dressing phase- the now ex partners tidy up the loose ends of the relationships by constructing a favorable public and private story
-
-
self-disclosure
social penetration theory: partners penetrate more deeply into each others lives as they self-disclose
breadth and depth of self-disclosure: layers of an onion metaphor, start with breadth but little depth and the move deeper.
-
physical attractiveness
explaining the importance of physical attractiveness: shackleford and Larson: symmetrical face is more attractive because its an honest sign of genetic fitness; neotenous female faces trigger caring instinct in males.
the halo effect: we have positive stereotypes of attractive people that influence our judgments of them
the matching hypothesis: we choose partners who are of a roughly similar level of physical attractiveness
the filter theory
social demography: kerckhoff and davis proposed that factors such as proximity and education level reduce the field of available.
similarity in attitudes: byrne described the law of attraction as being due to similarity, produces a filed of desirables.
complementarity of needs: each partner being able to contribute a trait the there lacks becomes more important than similarity later in a relationship.
equity theory
the role of equity: both partners levels of profit need to be roughly simlar, otherwise one over benefits and the other under benefits
equity and equality: what matters is the ratio of rewards to costs. a high level of costs with a high level of rewards is seen as fair.
consequences of inequity: underbenefitted partner is motivated to make the relationship more equitable. the perception of inequality matters.
-
parasocial relationships
levels of pararsocial relationships- entertainment- social, intense-personal, borderline pathological
the absorption- addiction model: a fan absorbed themselves in the celebritys world then needs to increase their involvement in the same way that addicts do.
the attachment theory explanation- insecure-resistant individuals have emotional unfulfilled needs. para social relationships avoid the threat of rejection.