ABSTRACT & KEYWORD

Abstract is a general description of research activities made in a concise manner. Generally abstracts consist of 150 to 200 words. The abstract function is to give the reader an overview of the contents of the report to be read

Structured abstracts

Method

Result

Aim

Conclusion

Background

Keyword allow the reader to judge whether or not an article contains material relevant to the interest. Provide readers with suitable terms to use in web-based searches to locate other materials on the same or similar topics

How to select key word ?

Keywords should ideally be phrases of 2-4 words

Keywords should contain words and phrases that suggest what the topic is about

Think from the point of view of the reader

How to select key words by
Gbur and Trumbo (1995)

Do not repeat key words from the title

Avoid unnecessary prepositions, especially in and of

Avoid terms that are too common

Avoid acronyms

Use simple, specific noun clauses

Spell out Greek letters and avoid mathematical symbols