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chapter 6 (6.2 (parts of long bones (diaphysis (consists of central…

- - - - consists of central medullary cavity (filled wit yellow marrow)
      - surrounded by thick collar of compact bone
    - - expanded ends
      - mainly spongey bone and thin layer of compact bone
    - - remnant of epiphyseal disk/plate
    - - outer, fibrous, protective covering of diaphysis
    - - inner lining of medullary cavity
        
        contains osteoblasts & osteoclasts
    - - pad of hyaline cartilage on epiphyses where long bones articulate or join
      - aka shock absorber
  - - - spongy bone (meat)
      - compact bone (bread)
    - - is located in spongy bone within epiphyses of long bones and flat bones
  - - - form bone matrix by secreting collagen
    - - mature bone cells derived from osteoblasts
      - principle bone cell
      - osteoclasts
        
        functions in bone resorption
        
        important in development, growth, maintenance, and repair of bone
    - - primarily collagen
      - gives bone its strength
      - contains glycolipids and glycoproteins
  - - - haversian system or osteon
      - long cylinders cemented together to form the long axis of a bone
      - osteocytes lie in lacunae
      - lamellae in the layers of a bone containing blood vessels and nerves
    - - connect layers of lacunae and osteocytes
    - - connects blood and nerve supply of adjacent haversian systems together
        
        run at right angles to and connects adjacent haversian canals
    - - consists of poorly organized trabeculae
      - with a lot of open space between them
      - nourished by diffusion from nearby haversian canals
- - - - flat bones are formed in this manner
  - - - most bones are formed in this manner
  - - - cartilage cells are destroyed and replaced by bone on this side
- - - - bones store calcium, phosphorus, etc
- - - - frontal bones
    - - parietal bones
- - - - after menopause risk go up
      - because of less estrogen being produced
    - - less common in men under 60 because androgens are still produced
- - - - greenstick: incomplete convex surface of the bend
      - fissured: incomplete longitudinal break
      - communited:complete and fragn=ments the bone
      - transverse: complete at right angle to the bone
      - oblique: complete at an angle other than right
      - spiral: complete caused by exceessive twisting
- - - - sutures
        
        short fibrous CT fibers
      - syndemosis
        
        cord of fibrous tissue called a ligament
      - gomphosis
        
        tooth within its bony socket
  - - - a plate of hyaline cartilage
    - - pad or plate of fibrocartilage
  - - - articular cartilage
        
        hyaline cartilage covers surface of each bone