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Managing the impacts to the Arctica (Buildings/pipelines elevated on…
Managing the impacts to the Arctica
Buildings/pipelines elevated on stilts
Local
Reduces heat transfer to the ground so there will be a decrease in permafrost melting.
+ves: Less permafrost melting so less liquid water.
-ves: Heat could still be transferred through the stilts. Stilts could break.
Drilling laterally from drilling rigs
Global
More oil can be drilled without drilling lots of wells so less carbon dioxide is released from gas flaring.
+ves: Less wells need to be drilled.
-ves: Could be difficult to implement.
Better technology means fewer exploration wells are needed
Global
Improved technology will help to reduce the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
+ves: Enhanced greenhouse effect will be reduced.
-ves: Expensive to research new technology. May take a long time.
Refrigerated supports on the legs of the Trans-Alaska pipeline
Local
Reduces heat transfer through the stilts.
+ves: Less permafrost melts.
-ves: Equipment may fail due to extreme temperatures.
Artic council 2009 report
Global
Not legally binding. Sets out recommended practices - the ways of doing things.
+ves: Guidelines help to advise people so will reduce damage to the environment.
-ves: It is NOT legally binding so people can chose to ignore it.
Artic council 2013 oil spill preparedness agreement
Global
Agreement on being prepared and responses to oil pollution.
+ves: Faster response to oil spills so will protect the environment in the long run.
-ves: Not all areas may be well prepared.
Polar code 2017
Global
Regulations on all ships operating in the Arctic must follow.
+ves: Allows tourists to explore the area while helping to preserve the environment.
-ves: Equipment may fail due to the extreme temperatures.
Nature Reserves set up by NGOs like WWF - Bristol Bay
Local
Areas of land are protected to allow wildlife to thrive.
+ves: Protection for local wildlife helps to retain the environments equilibrium.
-ves: Larger areas will become more difficult to monitor.
US Government banning the sale of drilling rights
Local
Legal deterrent for drilling. Helps to preserve the land.
+ves: Legal deterrent.
-ves: Government may lose money.