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Nouns (Singular Nouns (Apple, Book, Car, Dog, Hat, Pencil, Towel, Window),…
Nouns
Singular Nouns
Apple
Book
Car
Dog
Hat
Pencil
Towel
Window
Compound nouns
Single Word Compound Nouns
Toothpaste
Shoebox
Trashcan
Ashtray
Bedroom
Newspaper
Football
Haircut
Keyboard
Lipstick
Airplane
Armchair
Background
Baseball
Bathroom
Chopstick
Goldfish
Fishbowl
Fingerprint
Fingernail
Earphone
Ladybug
Mailbox
Pancake
Tablespoon
Two Word Compound Nouns
Full moon
Rain forest
Cell phone
French fries
Light bulb
Life jacket
Apple pie
High school
Hot dog
Vacuum cleaner
Post office
Real estate
Video game
Door knob
Hyphenated Compound Nouns
Self-esteem
One-year-old
Merry-go-round
Get-together
Editor-in-chief
Self-service
Runner-up
Warm-up
[verb + noun]
Waiting room
Washing machine
Swimming pool
Standing ovation
Jumping bean
Running back
Hummingbird
Bowling ball
[noun + verb]
Sunrise
Sunset
Rainfall
Waterfall
Haircut
[verb + preposition]
Follow-up
Follow-through
Check-up
Check-out
Drive-through
[noun + prepositional phrase]
Mother-in-law
Father-in-law
Brother-in-law
Sister-in-law
Son-in-law
Daughter-in-law
Plural Nouns
For the plural form of most nouns
add "-s" to the end of the word
Apples
Books
Cars
Dogs
Hats
Pencils
Towels
Windows
Nouns that end in "-ch", "-x", or "-s"
add "-es" to make the word plural.
watch - watches
box - boxes
dress - dresses
bus - buses
Nouns ending in "-f" or "-fe",
change "f" to "v" and add "-es" to make the word plural.
shelf - shelves
wife - wives
leaf - leaves
life - lives
Some nouns have different plural forms.
child - children
woman - women
man - men
mouse - mice
goose - geese
Nouns ending in vowels like "-y" or "-o"
do not have definite rules.
baby - babies
toy - toys
kidney - kidneys
potato - potatoes
memo - memos
stereo - stereos
A few nouns have the same singular and plural forms.
sheep - sheep
deer - deer
series - series
species - species
Possessive nouns
Singular Possessive Nouns
add an apostrophe and "s"
('s)
John's book
Kerry's car
Grandmother's mirror
Audrey's hat
Sophie's dog
Bob's shoe
Linda's house
William's hammer
Katie's
Andrew's nose
Monica's room
Joe's boss
My friend's party
The student's homework
Plural Possessive Nouns
that end in "s"
add just an apostrophe
(')
The kids' toys
My parents' house
The teachers' lounge
The students' cafeteria
My brothers' room
The birds' nest
The cats' litter box
My sisters' clothes
does not end in "s"
add an apostrophe (') and "s"
Children's toys
Women's restroom
Men's fitting room
Mice's hole
Geese's formation
Fish's tank
People's ideas
Deer's antlers
If two people own one thing
add the apostrophe (') and "s" to the second person
John and Mary's house
David and Sue's wedding
Tom and Doug's car
Linda and David's boat
Sam and Ben's tools
Sophie and Audrey's dog
Bob and Lilly's cat
Emma and Julie's fish
Cole and Jay's computer
Joe and Phil's hometown
If two people own separate things
add the apostrophe (') and s for each person
Susan's and Beth's books
Jean's and Dan's pants
Ben's and Jim's offices
Dan's and Phil's apartments
Joey's and Monica's cars
Victor's and Jeff's shoes
Walter's and Brenda's rings
Crystal's and Paul's pets
Alan's and Kevin's video games
Catherine's and Holly's bikes
If a singular noun ends in "-s"
add an apostrophe (') and "s".
Bus's seats
Dress's hem
James's keys
Thomas's house
Charles's car
Countable Nouns
that can be counted as one or more
Singular form
Bottle
Spoon
Desk
Cup
Shoe
Chair
Finger
Flower
Stick
Balloon
Book
Table
Camera
Computer
Plural form
Computers
Bottles
Spoons
Desks
Cups
Shoes
Chairs
Fingers
Flowers
Sticks
Balloons
Books
Tables
Cameras
work with expressions such as :
a few
A few computers
A few sticks
few
many
Many bottles
Many shoes
Many flowers
some
Some spoons
Some fingers
every
Every desk
each
Each cup
Each balloon
Each camera
these
These books
the number of
The number of chairs
The number of tables
work with appropriate articles
a
A bottle
A desk
A shoe
A finger
A stick
A book
an
an pple
the
The computer
The spoon
The cup
The chair
The flower
The balloon
The table
The camera
Uncountable Nouns
that cannot be counted
usually express a group or a type such as liquids
Water
Wood
Ice
Air
Oxygen
Traffic
Furniture
Milk
Wine
Meat
Flour
Sunshine
used for things that are too numerous to count such as
sand
Rice
Sugar
work both with and without definite articles (the)
Sugar is sweet.
The sunshine is beautiful.
I drink milk.
He eats rice.
We need oxygen.
The wood is burning.
work with expressions such as :
much
He does not have much furniture.
that
That wine is very old.
this
This meat is good.
enough
any
Do you see any traffic on the road?
some
We ate some rice and milk.
I hope to see some sunshine today.
Appositives
Restrictive Appositive Nouns
A restrictive appositive noun provides additional information for the noun it is describing
My friend's dog Charlie bites people.
The store clerk Sally is nice to customers.
My friend Joe is graduating from college.
My brother Jeff is not married.
Our co-worker Janet works very hard.
The famous painter Pablo Picasso is my favorite artist.
Nonrestrictive Appositive Nouns
A nonrestrictive appositive noun gives additional information for the noun it is referring to.
My mom, Linda, is a chef.
I am meeting with the school principal, Mr. James.
Buddy, the Scottish terrier, is scared of cats.
Dr. Wells, a Harvard graduate, is my daughter's pediatrician.
The Labrador Retriever, my favorite dog, is a great family pet.
She is having lunch with her mother-in-law, Terri.