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Biology (Heredity-the passing on of physical or mental characteristics…
Biology
Heredity-the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.
Chromosomes
Genes
Alleles
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Protein-any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids
Alleles- one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
Genes-- a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
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Chromosomes-A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes
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Asexual Reproduction
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Sexual Reproduction- Process by which a new organism forms from the joining of a female cell and a male cell
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STANDARDS
3-4 Develop and use a model to show that sexually reproducing organisms have two of each chromosome in their cell nuclei, and hence two variants (alleles) of each gene that can be the same or different from each other, with one random assortment of each chromosome passed down to offspring from both parents.
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3-1. Develop and use a model to describe that structural changes to genes (mutations) may or may not result in changes to proteins, and if there are changes to proteins there may be harmful, beneficial, or neutral changes to traits.
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3-2Construct an argument based on evidence for how asexual reproduction results in offspring with identical genetic information and sexual reproduction results in offspring with genetic variation. Compare and contrast advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction.
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3-3 Communicate through writing and in diagrams that chromosomes contain many distinct genes and that each gene holds the instructions for the production of specific proteins, which in turn affects the traits of an individual.
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natural selection
Natural selection-the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
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Artificial selection-is the intentional reproduction of individuals in a population that have desirable traits. In organisms that reproduce sexually,
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Homozygous Dominant
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Homozygous Recessive
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Heterozygous
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DNA
DNA-the fundamental and distinctive characteristics or qualities of someone or something, especially when regarded as unchangeable.
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