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Fungi (Structure (Eukaryotic - have a membrane, Chitinous cell wall,…
Fungi
Structure
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Fungi cannot grow at body temperature and cannot evade immune response so only few fungi can infect humans
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Treatment
Features of selective toxicity drugs:
Target does not exist in humans
Target is significantly different to human analogue
Drug is concentrated in organism cell
Organism has increased permeability to the compound
Humans are rescued from toxicity by alternative metabolic pathways
Polyenes: These cause pore formation in fungal membranes. Can cause toxicity to humans as has affinity to cholesterol in human membranes. Example: amphotericin B
Allylamines: Cause reversible inhibition of squalene expoxidase - an enzyme required for fungal growth. Example: Terbinafine
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Echinocandins: Inhibit 1,3 B glucan synthase which interferes with fungal cell wall. Poor bioavailability so IV only. Example: Capsofungin
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