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urban policy and regeneration (Urban development corporations (1979-1990s)…
urban policy and regeneration
Issues
reasons for deprivation and decay
Solutions to social and economic problems – UK urban policy since 1979
Urban development corporations
1979-1990s
By 1979 many UK cities were in catastrophic decline
Used private sector funding to restore derelict areas
By 1993 12 UDC's had been established, helping to redevelop some of the most rundown areas of the country.
Main aims of London Docklands UDC were to attract new businesses, improve local environment, create jobs and build new houses for professionals
First established in 1981 in London Docklands and Liverpool
Between 1981 and 1998, the corporation built 24,000 new homes and created 85,000 jobs
Criticised for ignoring the needs of local residents
Government created agencies called Urban Development Corporations (UDCs)
In addition the corporation built new schools, parks and community facilities including a sailing and waterspouts centre and Surrey Quays shopping centre
Enterprise Zones
1981- Preset
Established in 1981 in areas of high unemployment
By 1990 they had housed over 5,000 companies, employing more than 125,000 people
However tax reductions encouraged many existing companies to move their premises and staff to the Enterprise Zones, which limited number of new jobs created
Aim was to attract start-up companies to the area to create jobs by reducing tax
City Challenge
1991-1997
Local authorities competed for government funding to regenerate deprived urban areas
They worked with the local community and private companies to improve the physical, economic and social environment of the area
Partnership schemes