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Chapter 9 :Judaism: Beliefs and Teachings (9.2-The Nature of God: God as…
Chapter 9 :
Judaism:
Beliefs and Teachings
9.1-The Nature of God: God as One
- The belief in one God forms the foundation of Judaism. The belief is expressed in the Shema which is an important Jewish prayer that is formed from passages in Deuteronomy and Numbers.
9.2-The Nature of God: God as Creator
God as Creator and Sustainer
-The Jewish Bible is called the Tenakh, and the first section of the Tenakh is called the Torah. Genesis, which is the very first book in the Torah, tells how God took six days to create the universe and everything in it. Jews believe that in addition to creating the universe, God also sustains it. He provides all the resources needed for life on earth.
Evil and Free Will
-In order for God to have the ability and power to create everything in the universe, Jews believe that God must be:
:star:Omnipotent-All powerful
:star:Omniscient-All knowing
:star:Omnipresent-Everywhere at all times
The belief that God created everything also means that God must have created evil. The existence of evil is considered to be a necessary consequence of free will
9.3-The Nature of God: God as Lawgiver and Judge; the Divine Presence
God as Lawgiver and Judge
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The Divine Presence
-The Shekinah is the presence of God on earth. Jewish writing tell how the divine presence of God was experienced by the early Jews:
:star:In early Judaism, the Tabernacle was considered to house the divine presence of God
:star:After Canaan was conquered, the Tabernacle was replace with Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem
9.4-Life After Death, Judgement and Resurrection
Jewish Beliefs About the Afterlife
There is very little teaching about life after death in the Jewish holy books, so very little is certain.
Heaven and Sheol
-Teachings about the afterlife imply that the good will enter paradise whilst others will go to a place that is often referred to as Sheol
Judgement and Resurrection
-Some Jews believe that they will be judged as soon as they die, whilst some believe that everyone will be judged on one day (known as the Day of Judgement)
Jewish Customs Surrounding Death
Jews believe that because it is part of God's plan, death is an inevitable part of life. Intense mourning follows a person's death.
9.5-The Nature and Role of the Messiah
Origins of the Messiah
The word Messiah means 'anointed one', and was originally used in the Tenakh to refer to the kings of Israel. The first king of Israel was Saul, who was anointed by the prophet Samuel to show he was chosen by God.
The Nature of the Messiah
Today many Jews use the term Messiah to refer to a future leader of the Jews. The Messiah is expected to be the future king of Israel.
9.6-The Promised Land and the Covenant with Abraham
9.7-The Covenant at Sinai and the Ten Commandments
9.8-Key Moral Principles in Judaism
9.9-Sanctity of Life
9.10-Free Will and Mitzvot