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chapter 5 integumentary system (5-3 (strong sunlight can damage epithelial…
chapter 5 integumentary system
5-1
Introduction to integumentary system
2 major componets
cutaneous membrane
composed of superficial epithelium or epidermis
accessory structures
hair,nails,and a variety of exocrine glands
Subcutaneous layer + hypodermis
attaches integument to deeper structures,such as muscles or bones
often not considered as integumentary system
Protection-skin covers and protects underlying tissues and organs from impacts,chemicals,and infections and it prevents the loss of body fluids
Temperature maintenance- the skin maintains normal body temperatures by regulating heat exchange with the environment
Synthesis and storage of nutrients-the epidermis synthesizes vitamin D
Excretion and secretion- integumentary glands excrete salts water and organic wastes.
sensory reception-receptors in the integument detect touch,pressure,pain and temperature and stimuli and relay that information to nervous system
5-2
epidermis contains variable amounts of two pigments -- Caroteen- orange-yellow pigment normallly accumlates in epidermal cells -carrots- Melanin-brown,yellow-brown,or black pigment produced by melanocytes-manufacture and store melanin within intracellular vesicles
ultraviolet radiation- sunlight contains significant amounts Small amounts causes radiation which is beneficial because it stimulates the synthesis of vitamin D in the epidermis, immediate effects of to much causes burns mild or even serious burns
Melanin helps prevent skin damage by absorbing UV radiation before reaching deeper layers
5-4
papillary layer-named after the dermal papillae, consists of loose connective tissue that supports and nourishes the epidermis
reticular layer-consists of loose connective tissue meshwork of dense,irregular connective tissue
5-3
strong sunlight can damage epithelial cells and deeper tissues,limited exposure to sunlight is very beneficial
basal carcinoma - skin cancer
less common are squamos carcinomas involves more superficial layers of epidermal cells
Malignant melanomas- exstremely dangers cancers ,appear anywhere in body
5-5
hypodermis-extensive network of connective tissue fibers attaches the dermis
hypodermis consists of loose connective tissue fibers attached to dermis with many fat cells
5-6
Hair and several other structures-hair follicles,sebaceous and seat glands and nails - are considered accessory structures
Hair-projects above the surface of the skin almost everywhere except the sides and soles of the feet,the palms of the hands , the sides of fingers plus toes