THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES AND THE FEUDALISM
What is the Feudalism?
Established
Origins of feudalism
Division
Monarchs
Monarch
High Middle Ages
Needed help
System
Economic
Political
Social
From nobles
Carolingian Empire
Divided the lands
Among nobles
Power
Absolute power
Hereditary
Of the inhabitants
Of the lands
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM
Fiefdom
Peasants
Power of the nobility
Lands
Owned
By the Feudal Lord
lived and worked
in Fiefdom
Increased
Deny military aid
Feudal wars
Insecurity
VASSALAGE RELATIONSHIPS
Vassal
Commendation ceremony
Person
Promised his loyalty
to someone
more powerful
than himself
official act
where the vassal
swore his loyalty
THE FEUDAL MONARCHY
Monarchs governed
with the aid of
The court
Royal officials
Host
Noble who
advised monarchs
in governamental matters
served the monarchs
Private army of the monarch
and the nobility
to go war
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FIEFDOM
Consisted on
Castle
Demense
Village
Places of comunal use
next to a river
lord´s land
near to the castle
bridges
house of the lord
his family
vassals
servants
cultivate
by his serfs
main building
the Church
mills
forge
furnace
ECONOMY
SOCIETY
Agriculture
Products of animals
Livestock
Cereal crops
vegetables
pulses
milk
eggs
cheese
honey
Meat
Rarely consumed
Privileged
Importance of animals
wool
leather
transport
war
Nobility
Clergy
Peasants
Defending the society
knights
dukes
marquisis
counts
Upper
Lower
priests
monks
bishops
abbots
worked
for the rest of the society
Serfs
Free peasants
craftsmen
traders
THE CHURCH
Organisation
Pope
Two types of clergy
Leader of Christians
Secular clergy
Regular clergy
Religious orders
Military orders
Political power of the Church
Were very close
Economic power of the Church
Pope
Could excommunicate
Remove from the Church
even Monarchs
Monarchs
gave lands
to the Church
Church
became the main
land owner
Benefited
from a tax
Tithe
10%
Agricultural production
Culture and the Church
Responsible
Responsible
Spreading culture
Copyng ancient
texts (monsk)
Education
Spreading religious beliefs
Fear of hell
Fear of
Hope
The end of the world
for the mediation
Saints
Virgin Mary (pilgrimages)
ART (ROMANESQUE 11-13)
Characteristics
Architecture
Painting and sculpture
Promoded
Religious buildings
Extended
Churches
Rular
Lack of windows
Nobility
Church
Countryside
small villages
Chapels
Monasteries
Cathedrals
Along
Pilgrimage routes
Dark
aproppiate for worship
Looked like fortresses
served as refuges
Thick
Features
Floor pain
Farçades
stone wall
Buttresses
columns
pillars
Latin cross
contained
portals (decorated)
towers
from Roman Art
semi-circular arches
barrel
vaults
groin vaults
domes
Decorative
symbolic
Inexpressive faces
Sculptures
Paintings
educational purpose
character
of images
size depend on
its importance
Stone
wood
walls
miniatures