THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES AND THE FEUDALISM

What is the Feudalism?

Established

Origins of feudalism

Division

Monarchs

Monarch

High Middle Ages

Needed help

System

Economic

Political

Social

From nobles

Carolingian Empire

Divided the lands

Among nobles

Power

Absolute power

Hereditary

Of the inhabitants

Of the lands

THE FEUDAL SYSTEM

Fiefdom

Peasants

Power of the nobility

Lands

Owned

By the Feudal Lord

lived and worked

in Fiefdom

Increased

Deny military aid

Feudal wars

Insecurity

VASSALAGE RELATIONSHIPS

Vassal

Commendation ceremony

Person

Promised his loyalty

to someone

more powerful

than himself

official act

where the vassal

swore his loyalty

THE FEUDAL MONARCHY

Monarchs governed

with the aid of

The court

Royal officials

Host

Noble who

advised monarchs

in governamental matters

served the monarchs

Private army of the monarch

and the nobility

to go war

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FIEFDOM

Consisted on

Castle

Demense

Village

Places of comunal use

next to a river

lord´s land

near to the castle

bridges

house of the lord

his family

vassals

servants

cultivate

by his serfs

main building

the Church

mills

forge

furnace

image

ECONOMY

SOCIETY

Agriculture

Products of animals

Livestock

Cereal crops

vegetables

pulses

milk

eggs

cheese

honey

Meat

Rarely consumed

Privileged

Importance of animals

wool

leather

transport

war

Nobility

Clergy

Peasants

Defending the society

knights

dukes

marquisis

counts

Upper

Lower

priests

monks

bishops

abbots

worked

for the rest of the society

Serfs

Free peasants

craftsmen

traders

THE CHURCH

Organisation

Pope

Two types of clergy

Leader of Christians

Secular clergy

Regular clergy

Religious orders

Military orders

Political power of the Church

Were very close

Economic power of the Church

Pope

Could excommunicate

Remove from the Church

even Monarchs

Monarchs

gave lands

to the Church

Church

became the main

land owner

Benefited

from a tax

Tithe

10%

Agricultural production

Culture and the Church

Responsible

Responsible

Spreading culture

Copyng ancient

texts (monsk)

Education

Spreading religious beliefs

Fear of hell

Fear of

Hope

The end of the world

for the mediation

Saints

Virgin Mary (pilgrimages)

ART (ROMANESQUE 11-13)

Characteristics

Architecture

Painting and sculpture

Promoded

Religious buildings

Extended

Churches

Rular

Lack of windows

Nobility

Church

Countryside

small villages

Chapels

Monasteries

Cathedrals

Along

Pilgrimage routes

Dark

aproppiate for worship

Looked like fortresses

served as refuges

Thick

Features

Floor pain

Farçades

stone wall

Buttresses

columns

pillars

Latin cross

contained

portals (decorated)

towers

from Roman Art

semi-circular arches

barrel

vaults

groin vaults

domes

Decorative

symbolic

Inexpressive faces

Sculptures

Paintings

educational purpose

character

of images

size depend on

its importance

Stone

wood

walls

miniatures