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Resources of Pakistan (Agriculture (Problems faced by agricultural sectors…
Resources of Pakistan
Agriculture
Major forms of agriculture in Pakistan such as small scale subsistence and Cash crop farming
Small scale subsistance
For family or home use
Low output
Poverty
Small farms
Need to supplement their income such as carpenters blacksmiths cobblers and etc
For example:natural manure and fertilizers traditional irrigation method like person with their seeds wooden plug inherited knowledge family labour etc
Cash crop farming
For sale or profit
High capital is invested
High yield (output per unit area)
Large farms
High value economic inputs such as chemical fertilizers HYV seeds modern irrigation such as tubewells machinery structures harvesters threshers skilled labour etc
High profit
Natural and human factors affect production on small scale and crop farms
Natural factors
Flood destroys the crop
Heavy rainfall and thunderstorms
Draughts in few areas also affects production
Diseases
Waterlogging and salinity reduces the fertility of land and crop products
Human factors
Small scale
Desi seeds
Traditional methods/inherited knowledge
Traditional irrgated methods or dependency on rainfall only
Unskilled labour including children and women
Cash crop
High prices of fertilizers pesticides and insecticides
Costly HYV seeds
Low prices of crops decreases the profit
Expensive machinery and feud
Natural and human factors that affect livestock farming
Natural factors
Climate (temperature)
Quality of water (fresh not polluted)
Topography (fertile plains)
Availability of fodder for grazing
Human factors
Pollution created by human activities
Lack of processed fodder
Lack of vaccination
Lack of skilled labour
Role of agriculture in economic development of Pakistan
Agriculture contributes 21% in our GDP
It provides availability of food to rapidly growing population
It provides employment to 44% of our population
It provides raw material to industries is Pakistan is agro based country
The largest exporter of Pakistan are agricultural based raw material or value added goods
Source of foreign exchange for country
Source of fodder (animal food)
Problems faced by agricultural sectors of Pakistan
Limited cultivable land (about 25 to 28% of the total land area of Pakistan)
Waterlogging and salinity
Lake of agricultural knowledge or old methods
Diseases or natural disaster like floods
Expensive machineries and fuel
Scarcity of HYV seeds or modern fertilizer
Lake of financial assistance or investment
Shortage of water
Remedies for the problems faced by agriculture sectors of pakistan
Supply of agriculture credit/loans
Waterlogging and salinity control projects
Construction of dams and canals for efficient water supply
Provision of HYV seeds fertilizers insecticides
Farm mechanization
Training of farmers
Tax concession on machinery
Importance of energy resources in the development of country
Natural gas
Cheap source of fuel for vehicles as CNG
It is the source of fuel for power stations
It is raw material in the formation of fertilizers and chemicals like ammonia methane and ethane etc
It is used in domestic purpose
Petroleum
It is the source of high energy fuel for vehicles
It is the source of fuel for power plants
It is used to run heavy machineries in industries
The other petroleum products like diesel grease kerosene oil mobil etc are also used industries
Coal
It is mainly used in the power generation
It is the measure fuel for burning in thermal power plants
It is used in steel industries brick kiln industries and cement industries
Coal by products like coke tar ammonium solvents etc are also important economically
Hydel
Supply water for irrigation
H.E.P
Supply water to nearby areas for domestic purpose
Supply water to industries
Used for recreational activities
Irrigation
Methods of irrigation used in Pakistan
Karez
Inundation canals or flood canals
Perennial canals
Lift irrigation
Persian wheel
Tube wells
Dams
Barrages
Importance of irrigation in Pakistan
Pakistan is an agricultural country where irregular insufficient or uncertain rain is observed the land of Pakistan is semi arid and arid that requires a lot of water for crop production
agriculture is completely supported by irrigation and Pakistan agricultural contributes 21% in GDP and provides employment 44% of the population of the Pakistan
Pakistan is the fourth largest producer of cotton in the world and third largest exporter of cotton and textile products
In addition to this irrigation water makes the soil fertile and promote seed germination
Multiple cropping in a year is possible through irrigation
Bringing more land under cultivation is possible through irrigation
Causes of waterlogging and salinity
Causes:-important lodging and salinity is outcome of canal irrigation and Pakistan win only when only inundation canals were used water for crops was only available during the summer season of balance was maintained between the precipitation and evapotranspiration that kept the water table low with bikini the introduction of perennial canal water was available throughout the year result in the rise of water table salt and the soil also rise to the surface is water table the water on reaching the surface and braids and the soils are deposited on the surface rendering the land suitable for farming
Ways through which the land damaged by waterlogging and salinity can be restored
By installing tubewells to lower the water table
By proper lining of dams and canals
Buy diverting surface drain into rivers and lakes to stop the accumulation of water and land
By planting the halophytes those plants which grow the saline soil and absorb salts
By SCARP(salinity control and reclamation project)
Natural resource
Location of main regions of Pakistan
Forest: Coniferous, Alpine, Riverine, Irrigated Tropical thorn forest Sub-tropical scrub forest, Mangroves
Minerals
Rock salt
Natural gas
Copper
Limestone
Coal
Gypsum
Importance of natural resources in the economic development of Pakistan
Forests
Provide employment to the people
Many plants are used in pharmaceutical industries
their products are also used in chemical industries like resins paper industries and other industries uses their products like rubber
Provide raw material to food industries for example sports goods
Contribute to GDP and GNP
Attract tourism
Minerals
Industrial uses
Agricultural uses
Improving balance of payment
Generation of electricity
Development of remote areas
Increase in GDP
Energy resources
Analyse the need of increasing production of power resources of Pakistan
The population of Pakistan is increasing very fastly that directly affects the economic growth of a country
The fossil fuels are very expensive third generation of electricity can be costly
There should be more electricity to be used for economic growth
industries provide employment to people thus it is necessary to fulfill the demands of people this will also increase the GDP as well
electricity is used in agriculture such as cables and motors small scale industries like sports goods and surgical instrument heavy industries like steel textile and others
suggest the best ways encounter energy crisis in Pakistan (individual efforts government efforts and alternative source of energy)
Conservation of energy
Produce power from different sources
Converting thermal power plants in to hydropower plants
Solar power plants
Wind mills
Nuclear power plants
Efficient use of thar coal
Tidal energy
Wave energy
Natural vegetation
Distribution of forest in pakistan
Importance of forest in pakistan
They provide natural habitat to wild life e.g food, nesting sites,and etc
They prevent soil erosion as their roots hold soil and their leaves intercept the rain
They reduce air pollution by absorbing pollutants from land and they produce oxygen
They increase the fertilityof land through decomposition of leaves
They reduce flooding
