Chapter 18 : Inferential Statistics

BASICS

SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS

ESTIMATION

HYPOTHESIS TESTING

SIGNIFICANCE TESTS

Inferential Statistics

Sample Vs Population

Statistics Vs Parameter

Study samples not populations

Symbols

definition

repeated sampling

sampling error

standard error

sampling distribution of mean **

Point Estimation

single value

sampling error

Interval Estimation

range of numbers

confidence interval

probability

including the population parameter

Null Hypothesis

Alternative Hypothesis

sample data reject or support null hypothesis

Directional alt. hypothesis**

P-value / alpha

significant level

Decision

statistically significant?

Decision Matrix

Type 1 & type 2 error

Steps in hypothesis testing

Controlling the risk

large sample size

power

practical significance

effect size

t-test for independent samples

t values

large = either end of tail

one way ANOVA

2 / more group means

F value

no r/s F = 1.0

Post Hoc Test

which one?

p value, sig. level

p values, sig. level

p value, sig. level

t-test // correlations coefficients

p. value, sig. level

variance

square the correlation coefficients and turn it into %

t-test // regression coefficients

chi-square test // contingency tables

p. value, sig. level

semi partial correlation squared

p. value, sig. level

effect size indicator