Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Integumentary System (Skin diseases (Impetigo (contagious, yellow crusty…
Integumentary System
Skin diseases
Impetigo
contagious
yellow crusty sores
cause: streptococci
wash with soap and water/ keep dry
Wrestlers can get this often
Warts
a viral infection
rough, hard, elevated area on skin
plantar warts- on foot and viral
can disappear on their own or with electricity, liquid Nitrogen, acid chemicals, or laser
Dermatitis
skin inflammation
signs: Edema, dry skin, scaling, itching
treatments
eliminate cause
give antihistamines or steroids
Acne Vulgaris
inflammation of sebaceous glands
cause in unknown but found in adolescents mainly hormonal
blackheads/papules
wash face frequently and avoid heavy makeup and creams
never pop pimple in T-zone. Can cause brain damage
Athlete's foot
contagious fungal infection
keep feet clean and dry
use anti fungal medicine to cure
Psoriasis
chronic inherited disease
not contagious
causes: stress, pregnancy, cold weather, sunlight
thick read areas covered with white silver scales
use coal, tar, or even cortisone cream
Ringworm
The highest contagious fungal infection of skin or scalp
flat or raised circular area with clear center surrounded by scaly,crusty outer area
use anti fungal medication
Eczema
not contagious
inflammation of the skin disorder
caused by irritation or allergic reaction to skin
Dry, dry skin, redness, edema, itching, crusts, scaling
Treat by:removing irritant, apply corticosteroids to make it go away
Alopecia
permanent hair loss or baldness
born with or takes over eventually because of genetics
Boils
deep seeded infection
caused by staph. infections
painful, red swelling
use oral antibiotics or incision and drainage
can clean with soap and water or bath oil
Hives
red itchy raised areas
vary in sizes
swelling can happen anywhere
has a red flare at the borders
can be caused by an allergic reaction
Scabies
lesions on the skin causing intense itching
mites, bugs, lay eggs under skin
Treat by using ointment to control itching and kill mites
treat also by oral pills with drink for # of days
Extremely Contagious!
Functions of skin
Protects as a the first barrier
against UV-rays and moisture
Sensory protection
pain, pressure, touch, temp
Body temp regulation
retain/ lose sweat or heat
Storage
stores fat, salts, water, vitamins
Excretes as well
Absorbs medicine
Collects vitamin D
Skin issues
Vesicles
blisters or sac filled with fluid
Papule
firm raised area of skin
Crusts/Scabs
area of dried pus/blood
Pustule
sac filled with pus
Macule
flat spot on skin
a birth mark for example
Wheal
Itchy, elevated area with irregular shape
Example: insect bite
Ulcer
deep loss of skin surface
can extend to the dermis level of the skin
The skin system
considered a organ and a system
called a membrane because it covers the whole body
contains several types of tissue
skin covers 3000 sq. in. of surface area
skin is 15% of your body weight
Skin color
skin color is inherited
Melanin
Brown/black pigment made by melanocytes
Carotene
yellowish red pigment
Albino
absent of color pigment
usually has a pink skin tint
pale yellow hair
sensitive to light
Stages of bedores
Stage 1
ulcer is red
can also be blue/gray
wont go away
Stage 2
Abrasion/ Bruises/ open sores
top layer of skin is damaged
Stage 3
deep open wound
all layers of skin are damaged
Stage 4
Damage goes to muscle, tendon, and bone tissue
Layers of the skin
Epidermis
outermost layer
has no blood vessels or nerve layers
contains stratum corneum
outerlayer constantly shed and replaced by innermost layer
Dermis
"true skin"/ corium
has hair, sweat, oil glands and blood vessels
has papillae that fits in epidermis ridges
forms fingerprint
Subcutaneous layer
inner most layer
made up of connective tissue and andipose fat
Sudoriferous glands
sweat glands
coiled tubes through dermis to pores
the sweat has no odor, it's bacteria on the skin
Sebaceous glands
oil glands
open into hair
produce sebum to keep hair from being dry and brittle
acts as a antibacterial
Skin color continued
Erythema
reddish color caused by burns or blood congestion
Jaundice
yellow discoloration caused by presence of bile
through alcohol or cancer
cyanosis
bluish discolor caused by lack of oxygen
COPD or a smoker
A newborn could be blue because of coldness mostly
Skin cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma
most common type
in basal cells in epidermis
slow growing
Squamous Cell
spreads more rapidly
lesions start small, flat. and firm
scale and crust
Melanoma
most dangerous type
lesions can be multicolored
melanocytes cancerous in epidermis
Prone
Anywhere pressure is when laying down
elbows, foot, sacrum, knees, occipital of head shoulders, toes,ears, hips, and ankles
every 2 hours a pt needs to be moved
Benefits
Alignment
prevent tiredness
prevent ulcers
prevent contractures
if someone gets stuck in a fetal position and can't move body after so long
Turning/ Positioning
prevents pressure ulcers
prevents hypostatic pneumonia
when pt is laying on back and fluid stays on the bottom of the lungs from not being turned
Ulcers
Decubitus
pressure sore/ bedsore
cause is prolonged pressure of an area of the body
easy to prevent and hard to remove of