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Nervous System -Luz Ponce Period 5 (Drugs that effect the brain (Alcohol,…
Nervous System -Luz Ponce Period 5
Major functions of nervous system
process and interpret sensory input
respond appropriately to the sensory input
collect sensory input from the body
Major divisions and subdivisions of nervous system
Periphal Nervous system
spinal nerves carry impulses to and from spinal cord
Central Nervous system
Receive incoming sensory information
Major parts of the brain and their functions
Diencephalon
Contains 2 main types: Thalamus and hypothalamus
Brain Stem
contains the midbrain,pons,and the medulla oblongata
Cerebrum
Superior/divided into regions by:Sulcus,fissures, and gyrus
Cerebellum
coordinate and regulate muscular activity
Names of all the lobes and their functions
Temporal Lobe
Hearing,speech,memory,sequencing, and organization
Frontal Lobe
Personality,emotions,intelligence,attention,concentration, logic,and problem solving
Parietal Lobe
Size,shapes,colors,pain,temperature and speech
Occipital lobe
visual cortex
Layers of menings
Dura Mater
Spaces and their ventricles
Third Ventricle
lies in the diencephalon
Fourth Ventricle
lies at the base of the brain
Lateral ventricles
ventricles in the cerebrum that are the largest ventricles in the brain
Cerebral Aqueduct
connects the third ventricle with the fourth ventricle
Tissues (structure and function of a neuron)
Axon
conducts signal away from the cell body
Myelin
fatty substance that insulates signal
Cell Body
metabolic center
Node(s) of Ranvier
Spaces between myelin/schwann cells
Dendrite
receives impulse and sends signal to the cell body
Classification of neurons
Motor (efferent)nerves
transmit away from the brain and spinal cord to only two kinds of tissue
Interneurons
Transmit impulses from sensory to motor neurons
Sensory(afferent)nerves
transmit impulses to the spinal cord and brain from all parts of the body
major parts and functions of the spinal cord
Action Potential
Repolorize membrane
K+ rushes out of neuron after Na+ rushes in
hyperpolarized
Depolarization
If enough depolarization; high potential is reached and impulses sent down axon
Resting membrane
resting membrane potential is restored
Stimulation/stimulus
Na+ gate opens=> Na+ rush into cell
Drugs that effect the brain
Alcohol
Cocaine
LSD
Methamphetamine
Marijuana
Estacy
heron
Diseases associated with the brain
Neural canal enlarges in 4 areas of the brain
Hydrocephalus
cerebrospinal fluid does not drain properly which causes enlargement of the ventricles
Divisions of PNS
Motor(efferent)nerves
carry impuleses from CNS to organs
Sensory (afferent nerves)
relay information from skin,muscles and galnds to CNS
Anatomy of spinal cord
coverings
Fascicle
group of nerve fibers
Perineurium
surrounds groups of nerve fibers
Endoneurium
Surrounds individual fibers
Epineuron
surrounds entire nerve
neurotransmitters
Neuron Convergence
Many to one
Neuron Divergence
One to many
Compare and contrast the autonomic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
controls body's responses to perceive threat and responsible for fighting response
parasympathetic nervous system
controls homeostasis and the body rest
Reflex arc
sensory/afferent nerve
sends signals to CNS
synapse/interneuron integration center
connection between sensory neuron and motor neuron
Sensory Receptor
detects stimulus
motor/efferent neuron
delivers response to target organ
effector
target organ responds to signal