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p2 (distance time graphs (gradient shows speed, flat sections show stops,…
p2
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velocity time graphs
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steeper graph, greater acceleration or deceleration
uphill shows acceleration, downhill shows deceleration
curve means changing acceleration, area under the graph is distance
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quantities
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scalar quantities are speed, distance, mass, time
vector quantities are velocity, force, acceleration, displacement
often positive or negative
forces
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non contact aren't touching, electrostatic, magnetic and gravitational forces
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newton's first law
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without resultant force on a moving object, it will keep moving at the same velocity, for uniform velocity, there must be zero resultant force
if the resultant force isn't zero, object will accelerate in the direction of the force
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investigating motion
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hold trolley still at the start line and let go so it rolls down the slope
will accelerate down the ramp
will travel at constant speed on the runway (ignoring friction)
each light gate records time when the trolley passes through it
between 1 and 2 find average speed on the ramp
between 2 and 3 find speed on the runway
acceleration found using acceleration = change in speed / time using
initial speed = 0m/s
final speed = speed on runway
time taken
resultant force
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if forces act along the same line, add or subtract
eg air resistance 3N, weight 8N, resultant force = 5N in downwards direction
scale diagrams
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eg 4N north, draw up four cms, then 3N east, draw 3 cms right, then measure, resultant vector is 5cm long so 5N
resolving vectors
split the force into 2 forces that are at right angles to each other, have the same overall effect as the original force
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