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Zhoie Glasgow - Physical Science Fall Semester Concept Map (Independent…
Zhoie Glasgow - Physical Science Fall Semester Concept Map
Independent Variable: a variable (often denoted by x ) whose variation does not depend on that of another.
Solve problems using the gas laws: ✓
Graphing: plot or trace on a graph.
Dependent Variable: a variable (often denoted by y ) whose value depends on that of another.
Controlled Variables: A controlled variable is one which the researcher holds constant (controls) during an experiment
Experimental Group: An experimental group is the group in an experimentthat receives the variable being tested. One variable is tested at a time. The experimental group is compared to a control group, which does not receive the test variable. In this way, experimental groups are used to find answers in an experiment.
Experiments: a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
Bar Graph: a diagram in which the numerical values of variables are represented by the height or length of lines or rectangles of equal width.
Pie Chart: a type of graph in which a circle is divided into sectors that each represent a proportion of the whole.
Line Graph: A line chart or line graph is a type of chart which displays information as a series of data points called 'markers' connected by straight line segments. It is a basic type of chart common in many fields.
Atoms: the basic unit of a chemical element.
Converting in the Metric: Metric Prefixes & Conversion. A "light" introduction to the metric system may be found at The MetricSystem According to milli meter and the metricsystem itself begins with the definition of meter. Once the meter (for length) is defined, other units based on the meter are define. Grams are used for mass.
Metric System: the decimal measuring system based on the meter, liter, and gram as units of length, capacity, and weight or mass. The system was first proposed by the French astronomer and mathematician Gabriel Mouton (1618–94) in 1670 and was standardized in France under the Republican government in the 1790s.
Hypothesis: a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
Control Group: Control group, the standard to which comparisons are made in an experiment
Mixtures: a substance made by mixing other substances together.
Elements: a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is essential or characteristic
Compounds: a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
Solutions: a means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.
Suspensions: the action of suspending someone or something or the condition of being suspended, in particular.
Gas Laws: the physical laws that describe the properties of gases, including Boyle's and Charles' laws.
What Affects Gas Pressure: Pressure is a force exerted by the substance per unit area on another substance. The pressure of a gas is the force that the gas exerts on the walls of its container. When you blow air into a balloon, the balloon expands because the pressure of air molecules is greater on the inside of the balloon than the outside.Mar 19, 2015
Chemical Changes: a usually irreversible chemical reaction involving the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances and a change in their chemical properties or composition, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance:
Physical Changes: a usually reversible change in the physical properties of a substance, as size or shape
Kinetic Theory: the body of theory that explains the physical properties of matter in terms of the motions of its constituent particles.
States of Matter: One of the four principal conditions in which matter exists-solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. See also phase transition .
Phase Changes: a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition. Synonyms: phase transition, physical change, state change Types: show 10 types... hide 10 types... freeze, freezing. the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid.
Nucleus: the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
Proton: a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron, but of opposite sign.
Neutron: a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.
Electron: a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.
Atomic Number: the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.
Mass Number: the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
Isotope: each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element.
Ion: an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Electron Shells: a grouping of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom
Valence Electron: an electron of an atom, located in the outermost shell (valence shell) of the atom, that can be transferred to or shared with another atom.
Periodic Table organization: The periodic table of elements arranges all of the known chemical elements in an informative array. Elements are arranged from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number. Order generally coincides with increasing atomic mass. The rows are called periods.