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Urinary System-Alyssa Miller (Nephron (Renal Tubule (Proximal Convoluted…
Urinary System-Alyssa Miller
general functions
major function
Regulation of: pH, blood volume, concentration of Na, K, Ca
Excretion of: wastes- nitrogen, foreign substances, environmental toxins
Filtration: glomerulus(collection of capillaries) blood pushed through into the capsule space
Resorption: take back from tubule to the blood capillaries
Secretion: move substances from blood capillaries to tubules
Kidney Gross/Microscopic Anatomy
External: dense connective tissue
Internal Divisions
Cortical Structures- have renal corpuscles
Medullary Structures- pyramids- collections of tubules
Minor/Major Calices- collect urine from the tubules; minor- smaller, near the pyramid
Collecting Ducts: water reabsorption under the influence of ADH
Urinary Tract
Ureters- 2, passageway from kidney to urinary bladder
Urinary Bladder- storage of urine, has detrusor muscle- to squeeze urine out of bladder
Urethra- shorter in female, longer in males, passageway for urine to exit the body
Nephron
definition: renal corpuscles + kidney tubules; structural + functional unit of the kidney
Renal Corpuscle- Glomerulus- beginning of the nephron located in the cortex
Renal Tubule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule: located in the cortex
Nephron Loop: located in the medulla
Distal Convoluted Tubule: located in the cortex, connects to the collecting ducts
Cortical Nephron: 85% of all nephrons
Juxtamedullary Nephron: 15% of all nephrons- close to the medulla, have long nephron loops, concentrates urine (when conserving water)