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Deontology (Kant (law of reason (The Good Will (Unconditionally good, All…
Deontology
Kant
Categorical imperative I
Universalize your maxim
Threefold structure: in circumstance X, I do Y, in order to Z
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law of reason
All subject to a moral law, because we are rational beings
The Good Will
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Consequences are irrelevant, if intentions are good
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Motivation
Duty
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Good Will, motivated by duty; not inclination
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- Utilitarianism: the 'good' comes first. Our duty is what established the good (= duty dependent). Also hypothetical: If you want Y, then do X
- Deontology: moral duty is independent. Takes priority over the good
- Imperfect duties: contradiction in Will
- Perfect duties: contradiction in thought
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- Philanthropist: finds pleasure in helping others
- Shopkeeper: honest due to self-interest
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- Universalisation: Suppose everybody in X, would do Y in order to Z
- Maxim: the principle underlying your willing
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- Would I still be able to realize my maxim successfully under such universalization?
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- you can imagine a world where no one rescues others
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- There should be an object of moral law = humanity as an end in itself
- It is already there, but needs to be respected. Not something I bring about.
- It is the moral law that makes us free