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HECOL 270 lecture 1 fibre structure (Features of fibres for textile use…
HECOL 270 lecture 1 fibre structure
Features of fibres for textile use
shape
long and thin
length
long or short
flexibility
can bend flex without damage
uniformity
among same fibre
strength
not easily broken
cohesiveness
can be spun into yarn
categories of fibre properties
physical
color,shape,crimp褶子,length
Density,or specific gravity(ratio of fibre weight compare to water)
fineness or linear density(recited)
mechanical
strength
elongation
elasticity
resiliency還原能力
chemical
absorbency
thermal behaviour
melting and softing
resistance to biological organisms
chemical reactivity and resistance
most fibre properties come from
physical shape/contour and diameter of the fibre
chemical composition of the fibre
fine structure of molecular arrangement of polymers within the fibre
atoms ,molecules, polymers
an atom is the smallest portion of ordinary matter-consists of protons, neutrons(not charge) and electrons
an element is a substance made from one type of atom
the two or more atoms combine they for molecules and compounds
textile fibres consist of polymers with are long chain mole rules with many atoms combined in a regular sequence of reapeating unites
repeating unites are also molecules know as monomers
fibre structure that affect fibre properties
polymer length
degree of polymerization DP
number of repeat units of monomer
typical range :several hundred to thousands
crystallinity.amorphousness
degree of order,alignment and compactness of the molecular chains forming the fibre
molecular bonds
polymer orientation with fibre axis