net pay: the amount you get payed after Uncle Sam takes his hands out of your pockets

The total amount of money you have before Uncle Sam puts his filthy fingers in your pockets

Inflation: the overall loss in purchasing power of currency and the over all increase in prices because of the loss of purchasing power, a little bit is okay but in large amounts you can tank an economy in no time

Marginal tax rates and brackets: income based taxation, the more you earn the more you are taxed generally speaking, there are some off shore loopholes

State taxes: state level mandatory taxes, used for paying for projects in the area

FICA Taxes: social security and medicare taxes which are mandatory federal taxes

Manditory: mandatory deductions are deductions that are required by law. (federal taxes, State taxes)

Voluntary: deductions which are made voluntarily, like insurance and dental plans offered from the employer

Payday:loans for small amounts of money with extraordinarily high interest rates. (basically loan sharks)

Fixed Rate(prime) Loans: the type of loan you want when you buy a house, fixed interest rates , generally for amounts larger than 1,000$

Adjustable Rate (subprime) loans, Similar to fixed rate in the monetary sense, difference is that the interest rate changes when the fed changes rates.

Libertarian Paternalism: pointing people towords the right choice but still letting them make a decision

Nudges: something that can be done to make an object seem more appealing, like placing it at eye level

A group of people who use a myth called money to exchange goods and services

The total amount of production in a country during a period of time generally three months or a quarter

C: Consumption: The amount of goods Consumed by people in a quarter( excluding re-selling goods)

I: Investment(not done by the government) from the private sector in a quarter

G; Government Spending and investment in a quarter (does not include transfer payments)

Nx: Net Exports for a country or how much goods and resources they sold outside the country in a quarter

Consumer Price Index: used to measure inflation, it is a measure of the average price paid by consumers for goods.

Unemployment Rate: The total amount of people who are willing and able to work but cant find jobs. generally aground 4% as maintained by the federal reserve

Frictional: unemployment caused from people changing vocation.

Cyclical: the type of unemployment everyone is worried about, this type of unemployment is caused by economic downturn, such as shutting down factories. where thousands of people work every day.

Structural: unemployment that is caused by a change in the system, automation. ex: truck divers are facing structural unemployment due to self driving cars.

Tertiary: The service industry is a part of the tertiary economic sector providing services for people and businesses

Definition of a recession: A decline in GDP for 2 or more consecutive quarters.

Multipliers: the amount of money that gets multiplied through the system based upon the mpc Multiplier=1/(1-MPC)

if you give someone a dollar and they spend 80 cents their MPC is 0.8

The deficit is a number for the total amount of money the govt borrowed during that fiscal year. Debt is every deficit the us govt has ever run and adding it all together into one gigantic anxiety causing number.

Contractionary fiscal policy include; increasing taxes, lowering government spending, or both. ( generally used during the expansionary period of the business cycle to prevent the economy from crashing and to keep the good times rolling)

Expansionary fiscal policy includes; lowering taxes and increasing govt spending(generally used during the contractionary phase of the business cycle to help economy out of a hole)

a period of economic growth and expansion of the economy, usually low unemployment and relatively higher inflation

A period of economic decline, and economic contraction, (high unemployment low inflation)

Contractionary: used when the economy is booming, kind of like cooling off after running a mile, includes tactics like increasing interest rates, and increasing the minimum reserve requirements.

Expansionary: used when the economy is in trouble, lowering reserve requirements, lowering interest rates

Fiat: essential fake, has no real value in the sense that it is not a directly linked to the value of a recourse, much easier to control inflation, assigned value by law and the belief that it has value

Gold/Recourse based Standard; Directly linked to the value of a precious recourse such as oil, or gold, much more difficult to control,

Unit of common exchange/ Common traceable entity, Store of value

The Federal Reserve Bank of America: The bank to rule all banks, the bank that sets, controls the interest rates for the money that large banks need to borrow in order for the economy to function. their only job is to keep unemployment around 4%, and inflation around 2% this is called the dual mandate of the federal reserve. it is an independent entity from the us govt and for good reason, run by seven board members called, governors, a chairman or the leader of the fed, and their vice chairman

Fractional Reserve Banking: Banks are required to keep a certain amount of every money equivalent to 10 percent of any deposit, they are allowed to loan out the rest and the cycle repeats its self magically creating money out of thin air

A bunch of mortgages bundled up in a pretty bow, that the debt from those mortgages is then sold on the open market and when the debt is payed off the person who bought it gets payed, generally very safe investment if everyone pays their mortgage, which didn't happen in 2009

This was betting against the housing market in 2008. You sell off your risky credit to someone willing to accept the risk and you pay them to hold on to it and if the person who owes you money defaults the person who you sold the credit to pays you, its like fancy insurance for money.

Believed that the government should interfere with the markets

an increase in savings leads to a decrease in demand. used by keynes to prove govt intervention is the way to go in terms of macro-economics

The govt adding money to the economy during the recessions acts as a sugar high it only temporarily would help the economy, but make it worse in the long run.

a period of falling stocks, generally times when everyone is selling, low economic confidence

A period of time where the prices in stocks are increasing, everyone is buying, high economic confidence