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Qi_Winnie_Block2_MM5 (energy and nutrient flow (heterotrophs (consumers) =…

- - - - thylakoids: elaborate system of interconnected membranous sacs segregates stroma from the interior of the thylakoid
        
        thylakoid sacs stacked in column = grana
        
        thylakoid membrane separates the lumen, embedded with chloroplasts
- - - - the carb is a 3 carbon sugar (glycersidehyde-3 phsophate)
        
        cycle repeat 3 times to make 1 molecule of sugar
    - - each molecule of 3 phosphoglycerate + phosphate group from ATP--> 1 3-biphosphoglycerate
        
        NADPH donates electrons, reduces 1,3 bisphospoglycerate G3P
    - - Rubisco: RuBP carboxylase; catalyzes incorporates each CO2 molecules, attaching a 5 carbon sugar
        
        product very unstable 6 carbon intermediate that immediately splits in half
    - - carbon skelectons of 5 G3P are rearranged by the last steps into 3 RuBP by spending 3 molecules of ATP
        
        for net synthesis of 1 G3P, calvin cycle consumes 9 ATP
        
        G3P = Strong material for metabolic pathways
  - - - 12 water molecule consumed, 6 newly formed
        
        6CO2 + 6H20 + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
        
        CO2 + H20 --> CH2O + O2
        
        6 repetitions = 1 glucose molecule
      - C6H1206= 3 carbon sugar