Li_Karen_Block 2_MM5

Chloroplast

inner membrane

thylakoid membrane

outer membrane

stroma - b/w inner & thyroidal membrane

thylakoid

granum - stack of thylakoid

stromal lamellae - connects granums; transports nutrients and other material needed to sustain the chloroplast

inside = inner thylakoid space

Photosynthesis

Light-dependent reactions

Calvin cycle (or light-independent reactions)

in Thylakoid

H2O + NADP+ + ADP → O2 + ATP + NADPH (requires light)

CO2 + ATP + NADPH → C6H12O6 + NADP+ + ADP + P

in stroma

Glucose is exported to the cytoplasm by facilitated diffusion

Provide high energy electrons that the Calvin cycle needs to make the covalent bonds for glucose molecules

Provide the energy needed to produce ATP that powers the endergonic processes of the Calvin cycle

Light Absorption & Electron Flow (Photosystems)

Energy is funneled to chlorophyll in both PSII and PSI, exciting electrons pairs

PSI electrons are donated to NADP+ & PSII electrons to the ETC, creating electron vacuums at both photosystems

Light is absorbed by all of the antenna pigment at PSII and PSI

PSI electron vacuum is filled using the PSII derived electron from the ETC

PSII electron vacuum is filled using electrons captured from water molecule by photolysis

Vocab/Extra

Primary production - the production that occurs at the first trophic level in autotrophs

Biomass - the total of all organic matter that come/came from living/formerly living organisms

Gross primary production (GPP) - the total amount of CO2 that is consumed by the plants in photosynthesis; an account of the total amount of glucose made

Transfer efficiency is about 4%

The process of synthesizing food from sunlight, CO2, and H2O by autotrophs

Net primary productivity (NPP) - the remainder of GPP after respiration has consumed some of the glucose

(NPP = GPP - respiration)