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Mediterranean Civilizations (Persia (Cyrus the Great, Zoroasrianism,…
Mediterranean Civilizations
Rome
Monarchy led by a king at first and then a republic
Social classes order- kings, senators, citizens, non-citizens, and slaves.
They mined and built aqueducts.
the environment helped them learn to fight on many different terrains.
a small town on central Italy’s Tiber River
ancestral ethnic religion
Women had the duty of looking after the home and to nurture a family
Persia
Cyrus the Great
Zoroasrianism, Religious tolerance.
Empires- Achaemerid, Parthian, and Sassanid.
Royal Road systems (1600 miles)
Darius 1- largest extent of borders and law code.
Strong military with Satraps.
Persian war- lost.
Phoenicia
led by hereditary monarchs
Social class order
The Kings, aristocrats, priests or judges
Assemblies or councils
Different types of officials
merchants, sailors, farmers, stockbreeders
peasants, servants
prisoners who served the Kings
International trade, diplomacy, orderly life in cities, and Phoenician democracy.
Created their own Alphabet and language
used astronomy, medicine, and stoic philosophy.
Had universal Gods and earthly Gods. The earthly Gods were sons of the universal Gods.
Greece
Helenic Culture
Unity from language and religion
City- states and overseas trade
Influenced by Geography
Athens
Direct Democracy
Philosophy importance
Women were expected to stay at home and do pretty-much nothing
Sparta
Very Military based
Totalitarian Oligarchy
Women were expected to do the hunting and go to school
Persian war between Greece city-states and the Persians
Peloponnesian war between Athens and Sparta in which Sparta won.