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Mediterranean Civilizations (Greece ((City-states including Athens and…
Mediterranean Civilizations
Greece
City-states including Athens and Sparta
raised sheep and goats
Monarchies, Oligarchies, Aristocracies, Mocracies, and Tyrants
Mountainous with little suitable land for farming
the importance of the physical fitness of both males and females
access to the sea and many small islands
skilled sailors
multiple Gods and Goddesses often related to nature
Homer's Iliad and Odyssey
Women had rights, and had an important role at home while the men were at war
Rome
Heavily influenced by Greece
Latin language
existed for more than 2000 years, dominating for more than 700
After gaining its freedom from Etruscan in 509 B.C.E., Rome established itself as a republic
Rome was not a democracy. the most important ruling body was the Senate, with the plebeians and 2 consuls underneath.
Women were under constant supervision by the men in their lives
Persia
Due to its location, trade was crossed through its area for many years before Cyrus the Great took over as the first Persian king
Cyrus extended his territory from the edge of India to the Mediterranean sea
The empire continued to expand after Cyrus' successors and reached its maximum extent under Darius I, extending into Egypt and an area north of Greece
Its superior military leadership and organizaton led to its success
A mostly high, dry plateau surrounded by mountains to the north, east and west, and by the Indian ocean to the south
encouraged dynamic inclusion among the locals
modern day Iran
Darius I established a law code based on earlier Mesopotamian codes that governed the empire
Phoenicia
The Phoenician alphabet included 22 symbols and was much easier to learn than any other written language of its day
Originated along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean sea
Couldn't expand to the mountains
The most significant Mediterranean traders and seafarers until the 600's when they roused the Greeks
Absorbed into the Assyrian Empire
Legacy lived on in a series of colonies in the western Mediterranean