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Psychological Therapies (history (Mid-1500s-Mentally ill people confined…
Psychological Therapies
history
Mid-1500s-Mentally ill people confined to institutions called asylums.Treatments were harsh and often damaging
1793-Philippe Pinel(psychiatrist) becomes famous for demanding that the mentally ill be treated with kindness. Personally unlocks the chains of inmates in France
1887-Nellie Bly (journalist) intentionally gets committed to Blackwell’s Islandto investigate conditions. Writes Ten Days in a Mad-House
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Person-centered therapy: a nondirective insight therapy in which the client (or person) does all the talking and the therapist listens
Nondirective: therapeutic style in which therapist remains relatively neutral and does not interpret or take direct actions with regard to the client
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Gestalt therapy: form of directive insight therapy in which the therapist helps clients accept all parts of their feelings and subjective experiences
Behavior therapies: action therapies based on the principles of classical and operant conditioning and aimed at changing disordered behavior without concern for the original causes of such behavior
Applied behavior analysis (behavior modification): use of learning techniques to modify or change undesirable behavior and increase desirable behavior
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Cognitive therapy: focus is on helping clients recognize distortions in their thinking and replace distorted, unrealistic beliefs with more realistic, helpful thoughts
Beck’s Cognitive Therapy
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Selective thinking: focusing on only one aspect of a situation while ignoring all other relevant aspects
Overgeneralization: drawing sweeping conclusions based on only one incident or event and applying those conclusions to events that are unrelated to the original
Magnification and minimization: blowing a negative event out of proportion (magnification) while ignoring relevant positive events (minimization)
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Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): action therapy in which the goal is to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally and logically
Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT): cognitive-behavioral therapy in which clients are directly challenged in their irrational beliefs and helped to restructure their thinking into more rational belief statements