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Joel's Hydration and purification (Hydration purification 2018 (People…
Joel's Hydration and purification
Hydration purification 2018
People
Kiegan
Oliver
Ella
Sara
Jared Silverman
Matt Koval
Jake Wilson
Kelsy
Indianna
Morgan
Andrew Villalobos
Tim Pierce
Jacob Furr
Olivia Danise
Kelly
Sierra
Bill
Gus
Aaron Huneck
Adeline
Liam Comey
Fletcher Codd
Joel
Filters
Effective in removing solids and sediments; does not protect against viral entities necessarily.
Not always reliable, filters clog easier when many people are using them continuously
and forgetting to clean them-SD
Does not kill bacteria, so the filter is loaded with contaminents JW
Life Straw-SD
Portable, they also make life straws that are attached to water bottles-SD
Like any filter, it has limited uses.
around 20 dollars SM
removes bacteria and parasites SM
lightweigh SM
lasts for 5 years SM
great for emergency's SM
not practical for a group SM
have to be near a water source every time your thirsty SM
Install filter before filling with the pouch with water JW
Only screw in filter to finger tight.
Clog easily, must be cleaned very regularly.
Backflush JA
Constantly check filters and clean them
Always bring back ups.
Gravit filter -JF
Good for groups -JF
Always have bottle under dont wait until nobody has water -JF
Filter freezes when cold -JF
sleep with filter in a plastic bag to prevent freezing (AH)
Always have it running into a container
clean filter after each use, mk
inside of bag is heavy with contaminants (AH)
have separate bags for hose and filter (AH)
make as little contact with inside of bag as possible (AH)
have hose droop down and then back up so water from the bag can drip off instead of contaminate clean water (AH)
Test filter efficiency before heading out into the field (kd)
be careful to keep the clean and dirty sides from cross contaminating-Gus
Chemical
Iodine Tablets
Can take around a half hour to purify the water:SD
Easy to carry
Should not be used more than a couple weeks at a time (maybe not at all!) -IS
Is not fully effective in killing Giardia Lamblia or Cryptosporidium. - IS
Turns water brown and stains fabrics. -IS
2 tablets per quart of water- OD
Not suitable for persons with thyroid issues (kd)
Should not be used by pregnant women for more than one week, avoid completely if possible (kd)
Iodine Dropper JW
Liquid Iodine that can be dropped in non-potable water to make potable JW
Possible to put in too much Iodine JW
Banned in many countries for health concerns
5 drops per quart if water is clear- OD
10 drops per quart if water is cloudy- OD
can't drink water with iodine for more than a couple weeks SM
tastes bad (AH)
Bleach-IS
1 gallon - ¼ teaspoon. -IS
Check quality and age thoroughly!! -IS
Use this method no more than a few weeks at a time. (be sparing its not very good for you ) -IS
Only in very emergency situations
Easy to add too much and cause poisoning (kd)
arguably as harmful as iodine tablets. mk
Chlorine Dioxide
Can take 15 to 30 min to purify water-SD
Aqua Mira solution -IS
Duct tape both parts of solution together, they are crucial to each other for performance . -SI
Wait time 23 minutes
Ultralight JA
Comes in tablets and liquid drops JA
Liquid drops freeze below 15 degrees F JA
Not the healthiest -TP
Recommended to wait 4 hrs to kill kryptosporidium -JF
More effective than Chlorine (kd)
Boiling
Takes time, can be a hassle when you need to boil water for a lot of people.-SD
Can be a waste of fuel-SD
Prepare by bringing extra fuel if you know boiling with be the main purification method (kd)
Kelly Kettle is very good for boiling water because you can find fuel for it rather than needing to carry in.
Use sticks pencil width wide and collect a lot before starting the process. -IS
make sure there is enough room for oxygen to pass through but packed tight enough to trap the heat. mk
Can be used to clean dishes and gear
Wait a couple minutes once boiling, don't turn off as soon as you see bubbles. -IS
More reliable than waiting for drip feed filters -TP
Good backup method if filter freezes- OD
Most foolproof way to remove pathogens (kd)
CON: having to wait for it to cool down to drink (kd)
can put the hot water in a bottle and put in your sleeping bag to keep warm SM
good for purifying the water that you are cooking your food in -Gus
can add tea bags to make hot water more enjoyable to the taste. mk
black tea is good for drinking/cleaning a dirty fair share (AH)
taste overpowers whatever food was in there (AH)
doesn't waste hot water cleaning (AH)
Leaves no trace of dirty dish water (AH)
has cleaning powers (AH)
used when snow is only option for water (AH)
May taste of charcoal
Your'e Drinking dead pathogens JA
Dehydration
Headache
Loss of Coordination
Decreases urine output
Extreme thirst
Dry Mucus Membranes
Skin Tenting
Fatique
Dizzy
Tachypnea
3-4% body mass loss over 60-90 minutes of exercise (caused by sweating) , exacerbated by environment temperature + gear/clothing. -IS
Dark Urine -JF
Urine has strong scent -JF
Dark yellow and foggy - LC
When dehydrating don't drink more then 1 liter per hour -JF
harder for your body to stay warm SM
Tachycardia
Tachycardia
Can pass out if you become too dehydrated - LC
Steri-light. mk
only takes 90 seconds has about 1000 uses. mk
batteries can become spotty in cold weather. mk
Good to use in the summer JW
free one when yours dies -JF
harder to use with smaller mouthed waterbottles. mk
Water tastes great - LC
Contaminants JW
Viruses JW
Norovirus JA
Human waste contaminated water JA
Contagious JA
Bacteria JW
Parasites JW
Giardia JW
Affect's you 2 weeks after first exposure JW
Can cause permanent lactose-intolerance, gluten-intolerance, and other stomach problems -TP
Could affect you sooner
Symptoms- OD
abdomen pain- OD
nausea- OD
vomiting- OD
diarrhea- OD
excessive burping- OD
excessive gas- OD
loss of appetite- OD
treatment- OD
flushing system out with clean water- OD
will go away with time- OD
atnibiotics- OD
Waters near farms can be contaminated with fertilizer chemicals.
Don't defecate near water sources to maintain their cleanliness
Parasites -TP
Toxins (kd)
can be removed with activated carbon (kd)
Walk upstream a bit to check for any visual contaminants (kd)
Dead animals lying in or near water source (kd)
Feces (kd)
urine (AH)
Clean pots and pans and food utensils with minimum food particles entering water and away from drinking water(bill)
pollution(bill)
Giardia
Diarrhea, Gas, Stomach or abdominal cramps, Upset stomach or nausea/vomiting, Dehydration
diarrheal disease caused by microscopic parasite
purify your water
you can become lactose intolerant SM
caused by drinking unfiltered lake, stream and rivers SM
cured with antibiotics SM
2 week incubation period JA
Keeping Hydrated
important for concentration -SD
Can be difficult in colder weather-SD
Heat water to make it easier to drink
Drinking warm fluids can keep body warm.
Hydration can prevent heat stroke in hot climates -IS
melt snow for water SM
remember that just because it is not hot it is still just as important to drink water. -Gus
same is true if it is raining -Gus
Make drinks like tea or hot chocolate to make hydration easier - LC
When under exertion, consume 2 liters per day
Carry water in a hydration bladder and constantly drink water throughout expedition
Hydrate before and often during workouts for better performance -IS
Electrolytes give nerves and muscles the ability to function
if you try to rehydrate all at once you potentially can forget to breathe. mk
Signs of dehydration
Headache
Yellow pee
Slightly yellow is good, shows hydration. totally clear is overhydrated.
Red urine in extreme circumstances JA
Confused
Lack of concentration
Frustration
dizziness JW
Hallucinations JA
The "umbles" (kd)
being thirsty -Gus
Cramping muscles -AV
dry mouth. mk
chalky spit. mk
takes 48 hours to fully rehydrate if you become dehydrated.
Don't try and rehydrate all at once, makes it worse -TP
Instead hydrate in small amounts to allow the body to process (kd)
start hydrating early and continue drinking water often (kd)
If your'e very thirsty you're probably already dehydrated (kd)
better to stay hydrated then to try to catch up -Gus
Body can absorbe about .5 liters an hour JA
can only take in 1 liter per hour. mk
minimum requirement of two liters per day. mk
Gatorade or other electrolyte drinks can be helpful if water is difficult to drink (AH)
humans can stay alive as long as a week without water (AH)
Water Source
Moving Water
Avoid string up sediment
Avoid floaters on top of water(bill)
Natural Filters JA
Moss JA
Rocks JA
Emergency Water Filtration Methods - AV
Boiling- AV
Charcoal, Sand, Soil filter - AV
Solar Distilling - AV
