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Land climate and Enviroment of pakistan (Landform features of pakistan…
Land climate and Enviroment of pakistan
Location of pakistan
latitude
62 E to 78 E
longitude
24 N to 37 N
Neighbouring country of pakistan
In North china : :
In East India
In West Afghanistan
In South west Iraq
In South Arabian sea
Landform features of pakistan
Mountains
Himalayan range
sualaiman range
safed koh
kirthar
Hindu kush
waziristan hills
salt range
karakoram
Coasts
karachi coast present in karachi
Makkran coast present in Balochistan
Deserts
Thal present in punjab
kharan present in balochistan
Thar present in sindh
Cholistan present in lower part of punjab
Rivers
Chenab river
Ravi river
Hab river
Indus river
Jhelum river
Sutlej river
Kabul river
plains
Lower indus plain present in sindh
Upper Indus plain present in puujab
pleateau
Potwar pleateau present in Punjab
Balouchistan pleateau
Importance of rivers
Source of land fishing
source of freshwater for domestic purpose
source of wild life
used to generate hydro-electricity
used mainly in Agriculture, through irrigation system
source for underground water
Climate
Factors which influence the climate of Pakistan
Precipitation : The amount of water that reaches from the earth to clouds in different forms; i.e: Rainfall, snow, steel, hail etc.
Western Depression: The western depression are cyclones which originates from Mediterranean Sea, and travel across Afghanistan and Iran and then reaches Western part of Pakistan,
The moisture in the air is evaporated causing rainfall.
Monsoons: Monsoons winds are mainly seasonal winds which are originated due to temprature and pressure differences between land and sea.
Relief rainfall: relief rainfall is related to height of land where most unstable air moves up age mountains and it is chilled heavy condensation takes place and rainfall occurs
Climatic regions of Pakistan
Highland
Mainly found in northern area such as northern Western mountains regions Western Highlands regions northern highland regions
They have long winter cold and snowy and this summer is short and mild
Areas: Chitral Murree Muzzaffarabad Drosh,Quetta,Kalat,parachinar,Waziristan hills
Effects of climate on the life of people
In Highlands farming is not talk to side and people are involved in indoor activities due to climate and land over there
Transfer means is also practice side
People live here is a nomadic herdsman
Lack of water supply discourages human settlements
Many northern areas are not accessible due to landslide and heavy snowfall
Arid region
Regions: South Eastern deserts South Western Balochistan and etc
Ares: kharan desert Southwest Balochistan South-Eastern desert
They have dry and hot summers and winters are cold and mild because of low angle of sun
Effects of climate on the life of people
The region is deficient of moisture
The majority of people are nomadic they move from one place to another place with their animals
People there where thick and rough clothes in order to protect them from extreme heat
People also move from one place to another place in search of water
Semi arid regions
Regions: indiscipline accept the coastal areas
Areas: Islamabad , Sialkot Sargodha Multan jacobabad, Sukkur and etc
They have extreme climate with hot summer cool winter and summer with monsoon rainfall
Effects of climate on the life of people
The plane is drained through four tributaries of Indus river economically it is the most productive region of Pakistan there is a well developed canal system and many crops are grown their such a millet wheat cotton and sugarcane
Population is high and there's moderate rainfall and tolerable temperature
Coastal regions
Regions: industrial da Karachi and makran coast
Areas: Karachi jiwani,pasni,ormara and Gawadar
The climate is dominated by sea breezes throughout the year and these regions have mild winter and warm summer
Effects of climate on the life of people
The rainfall takes place during the monsoon season many tourists visit to Karachi in November and February and the most of the social events are held their held in these month the extent of precipitation affects the supply of drinking water in Gawadar and the development of Gawadar porthad made is major district of Pakistan and had contributed in economic development of Balochistan
however during summer months tropical cyclones sometimes cause coastal flooding in low lying areas causing damage to infrastructure fishing is nearly impossible. When the sea is wild and fishing communities face losses
Enviromental hazards
Main sources of population
Source of industrial emission
Mobile sources such as cars buses planes trucks and trains
Stationary sources such as power plants oil refineries industrial facilities and factories
Area sources such as agricultural areas cities and wood burning fire places
Natural sources searches wind blown dust wild fires and volcanoes
Sources of water pollution
Sewage (waste water)
Sewage is another name of a waste water from domestic and industrial processes
Agricultural pollution
Oil pollution
Radioactive substances
River dumping
Marine dumping
Arsenic
Which can cause liver damage skin cancer and vascular diseases
Problems caused by pollution
Health problems
Cardiovascular and respiratory illness
Loss of lung capacity and decreased lung function
Development of diseases such as asthma possible cancer and etc
Agricultural problem
Acid rain can destroy whole crop
Any change in temperature and rainfall will destroy the crop which are very sensitive such as cotton
It will cause various diseases in the crop like necrosis and other relief road problems
It will acidic for the soil or damage the nutrients components of soil without which crop will be destroyed
Environmental problems
Land degradation
Infertile soil condition
Greenhouse effect and global warming
Ozone layer depletion
Acid rain
Ecosystem loss
Impacts of global warming on Pakistan
Melting of glaciers
Recurrent flooding
Heavy monsoon rainfall
Spells of continuous draughts
Decrease in agricultural production
Decrease in industrial production
Loss of biodiversity
Forest destruction
Remedies to lessen the effect of global warming
Use less heat and air conditioning
Buy energy efficient products
Reduce Reuse Recycle
Change in a light bulb
Drive less and drive smart
Plant trees
Encourage others to conserve
