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World Music (Bhangra (Features (Off-beat rhythm (Hoi!), 4/4, Sings in…

- - - - Pear-shaped stringed instrument
      - 11 strings - five pairs with one drone
    - - Goblet-shaped drum
      - Doum - low tone played in centre, RH
      - Tek - hight tone played on edge, RH
      - Ka - high tone played on edge, LH
- - - - Large drum played with soft beater
      - Can be muted with hand
      - Usually low, medium & high
    - - Tom-tom drum tuned very high
      - Played with hand & stick
      - Played by leader, also has whistle
- - - - Set of pitches like a scale
      - Forms melody
      - Played by sitar or sarod
      - Pitch bends, glissando, fast scales
    - - Cycle of beats, improvise rhythms
      - Played on tabla - pair of drums
      - Sam - first beat, accented most
      - Thali - accented (not as strongly)
      - Khali - silent beat
    - - Repeated notes, forms harmony
      - Played on tanpura (or 'shruti box')
  - - - Opening section
      - Slow, free time, improvisation
      - Only melody (raga) & drone
    - - Tabla enters
      - Clear pulse, some fixed phrases
    - - Fast, builds in excitement
      - Rage & tala become more virtuosic
- - - - Stringed instrument
      - Strings tuned to same note/octaves apart
      - Plays slides & tremolos in 3rds
- - - - Single-headed, goblet drum
      - Traditionally only played by men
      - Gun (R), Dun (L) - low-pitched sound, hit middle
      - go (R), do (L) - medium-pitched tone, between edge & center
      - Pa (R), Ta (L) - high-pitched slap, hit edge
    - - Larger, double-headed drum
      - Played with a stick
      - Can produce open (O) & muted (M) sounds, with bell (X)
    - - Can play two different pitches
      - Leads ensemble, keeps everyone in time
    - - Played with hooked stick
      - Strings can change pitch of drum
      - Can replicated sound of human speech
  - - - Passes rhythms around
      - Call & response singing common
      - Caller controls tempo of piece
      - Music controlled by master drummer, plays core rhythm
    - - Performed at weddings, funerals, festivals
      - No sheet music, taught aurally