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Poop Loop (Chemistry (Nutrients (Organisms need to take in certain matter…

- - - - There are 92 natural elements on the Earth, all living things need a few of them to survive, humans need 20 of them.
      - Fertilizer
        
        Example of a fertilizer: Salmon Carcass.
        
        Scavengers feed on
        
        Scavenger feces deposited in forest/Scavenger hauls carcass into forest
        
        Marine-derived nutrients enter soil
        
        Nutrients taken up by vegetation through roots
        
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    - - These certain elements are used to produce carbohydrates, nucleic acids (DNA/RNA), proteins, and other molecules that make our cells.
  - - - N - nitrogen, P - phosphorus, and K - potassium
  - - - What is a polyatomic ion?
        
        Polyatomic ions are composed of two or more atoms bonded together by covalent bonds with an uneven number of electrons or and protons, creating a net charge.
        
        Polyatomic ions act like other ions, they form bonds with ions with the opposite charge, and thier Ionic compounds with polyatomic ions are neutral, just like binary compounds.
      - Poly means many, atomic means atom, polyatomic means many atoms, and polyatomic ion means many atom ion.
    - - NH4+, NO3-, NO2- are examples of usable forms of nitrogen that plants can absorb.
- - - - Reproduction ensures that life exists beyond its present generation. The sustainability of living things depends on reproduction. Reproduction happens at the level of the organism and at the cellular level.
      - All the life you see around you live on ability of cells to reproduce. Multicellular eukaryotic organisms, including plants, animals, and fungi, rely on cell division (reproduction) to grow larger by adding new cells.
    - - Sexual reproduction involves two parents that each contribute half of the offsprings genetic information.
      - Asextual reproduction, offspring comes from a single parent like a bacteria cell, and are genetically identical.
        
        Advantages: Populations increase rapidly and can exploit suitable habitat quickly. No energy spent searching for mate.
        
        Disadvantages: No genetic variation makes them vulnerable to sudden climate changes. If a predator of disease adapts to kill one individual they are all susceptible.
    - - Plants can reproduce both sexually and asexually. In sexual reproduction, the flower is the reproductive part of a plant, both male and female gametes (pollen and ovules) are produced by flowers. There are many different ways plant reproduce asexually, new plants can grow the roots, stems, or leaves from an existing plant. New plant copies are clones (genetically identical copies of the parent plant).
      - Seeds are the product of sexual reproduction. To make a seed a flower must be pollinated. Pollen from the male part of the flower travels to the female park of another flower where the teens are made.
- - - - Nitrogen has a cycle just like how later does. Nitrogen can be stored in many different places, like the atmosphere, soil, in living things, and ocean and marine sediment. The nitrogen cycle is critical to living organisms because its needed for DNA, proteins, and chlorophyll in plants.
    - - Nitrification: Nitrification is a step in the nitrogen cycle, it is the convergen of ammonium into nitrite, then into nitrate ammonium. The chemical changes that occur are the changing of the forms of nitrogen. This change occurs due to specialized bacteria in the fertilizer.
      - Nitrogen fixation: Nitrogen gas being mostly unusable from a form that can be used by plants. Nitrogen gas forms into mitogen gas (N2 > NH4+). A primary organism that is responsible for nitrogen fixation in soil is a bacteria called rhizobia which is a specialized bacteria.
    - - Usable forms of nitrogen include these polyatomic ions: NH4+, NO3-, NO2-. Plants depend on different kinds of bacteria in water and soil to change the nitrogen into forms plants can use.
        
        Plants absorb the nitrogen from usable forms and humans and animals consume the nitrogen in the plant.
      - NH4+ is Ammonium
      - NO2- is Nitrite
      - NO3- is Nitrate