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Industrialization (Madi Youngblood) (Mills of Manchester (Wealth flowed…
Industrialization (Madi Youngblood)
Mills of Manchester
Wealth flowed from factories.
The wealth went first to the middle class & mill owners.
Had available labor form the nearby countryside & outlet to the sea at Liverpool.
The lower class also saw a rise in living but it wasn't as fast as the middle class.
The northern english town had ready access to water power.
Business owners took pride to mater each detail in the manufacturing process, they risked time and money, and in return they were rewarded with high profits .
Many workers worked under terrible conditions, children as young as 6 would join their parents in factories.
Putting so much industry in one place soon polluted the
environment.
Manchester's rapid unplanned growth made it an unhealthy place for the poor who lived and worked there.
Many worked kong shifts with only a half hour for eating, any children were beateds to stay awake.
Changes Life
Living Conditions
Sickness was widespread, deadly diseases were spreading.
They lacked housing, education, and police protection, most unpaved streets had no drains, and the garbage collected in heaps, workers lived dark dirty shelters, with their families (all shared one bedroom).
Average lifespan was 17 for working class people in large cities compared to 38 in close by rural areas.
Had little to no development plans, sanitary codes, or building codes.
Average lifespan was 17 for working class people in large cities compared to 38 in close by rural areas.
Working Conditions
There was no government program to provide aid.
The most dangerous was in the coal mines, frequent accidents, damp conditions,& the constant breathing of coal dust made the miner's life-span 10 years shorter.
Many were working in the mines because it was the cheapest source of labor.
Factories caused new dangers, factories were seldom lit or clean, machines injured workers.
Work didn't change with the seasons, it stayed the same day after day.
To increase production factory owners wanted to keep the machines running for as long as possible, this lead to workers having 14 hour shifts 6 days a week.
Industrial Cities Rise
During the 1800s London's population exploded and it provided a vast labor pool and market for new industry.
Birmingham & Sheffield became iron- smelting centers. Leeds and Manchester dominated in textile manufacturing. The port of Liverpool formed the center of bustking cotton industry.
Europeans moved to the cities so they could be closer to their work.
Factories developed in clusters due to the near sources of energy ( water, coal, ect).
Class Tensions
The Working Class
They were replaced by machines.
Some groups of workers rioted outside factories because of their poor living and working conditions.
They saw little improvement to their working and living conditions.
The Luddites
Destroyed weaving machinery.
Attacked whole factories in Northern England in 1811.
Named after Ned Ludd.
The Middle Class
The middle class grew despite the wealth. "Neither rich nor poor."
Landowners looked downed upon those who gained their wealth threw the "vulgar business world." Which then changed in the late 1800's where at that time landowners and rich entrepreneurs were considered equal.
Factory owners, merchants and bankers grew wealthier than the aristocrats and landowners.
The middle class is separated into two different divisions
The lower middle class was made up of: factory overseers, toolmakers, mechanicals drafters and printers.
The upper class was made up of government employees, doctors, lawyers, managers of: shops, factories, and mines.
Positive Effects
Long Term Effects
Working and living conditions improved throughout the years and remain better.
Raised the living standard of city dwellers.
People today can afford goods that were considered expensive luxuries 50-60 years ago.
Tax Revenue was produced, allowing the government to make urban improvements.
Provided better benefits such as: healthier diets, better housing, cheaper and mass produced clothing, etc.
Provided jobs for workers.
Laborers eventually received higher wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions.
Provided more educational opportunities due to the demand for engineers.
The upper and middle class prospered from the industrial revolution while the laborers or lower class worked longer for their success.