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Respiratory system Gillian Maxson (Respiratory tract (Conducting (Nose…
Respiratory system
Gillian Maxson
Respiration
Internal
Exchange of gasses between blood vessels and tissue cells
External
Exchange of gasses between lungs and blood vessels
Inhalation -Inspiration - breathing in air
Exhalation -expiration- breathe out air
Respiratory tract
Conducting
Nose and mouth to respiratory bronchiols
Respiratory
From bronchioles to alveoli
Upper
Lower
Acts as passageway
Nasal cavity
Conchae create turbulence
Increases contact of incoming air with mucosa
Epithelial lining consisting of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epilthelium
Functions to clean, warm and humidify incoming air
Paranasal sinuses
Epithelial lining consisting of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epilthelium
Spaces in the maxillary region, ethmoid, sphenoid and frontal bones
Cleans, warms and humidifies incoming air
Pharynx
Epithelial lining consisting of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epilthelium
Also has stratified squamous epithelium
Used as passageway for air, food and drink
Tonsils- lymphatic tissue
Lingual, palatine, pharyngeal
Larynx
Role in voice production
Cartilage keeps it open
Glottis
Opening between the vocal folds or cords
Epiglottis
Makes air and food go to correct tube
Trachea
Passageway for air to get to lungs
Location is anterior to esophagus
Epithelial lining consisting of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epilthelium
Rings of hyaline cartilage keep it open
Bronchial tree
Bronchi
Can be large or small
Have cartilage
Epithelial lining consisting of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epilthelium
Both have smooth muscle to relax
Bronchioles
Tiny- less than 1 mm in diameter
No cartilage, cilia or mucus
Alveolus
Type I cells are simple squamous
Type II cells are cuboidal- secretes a surfactant that prevents alveolar walls from sticking together
Respiratory membrane is used to swap oxygen for carbon dioxide