Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Respiration (General Anatomy (Tracts (Conducting Tract: nose/mouth -->…
Respiration
General Anatomy
-
Nasal Cavity: Has conchae (superior, middle and inferior) that create turbulence of incoming air to increase contact with mucus membrane. Also function to clean, warm and humidify incoming air.
-
Paranasal Sinuses: Maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid and frontal sinus cavity in face. Have epithelial lining and functions to warm clean and humidify incoming air, as well as give voice resonance and makes mucus.
Pharynx: place that contains tonsils, has epithelial lining, passage way for food/air/drink
Larynx: portion above trachea, responsible for voice production, proving an open airway, keeps air and food going to correct place (epiglottis), opening between vocal cords - glottis
Trachea: partial rings of (hyaline) cartilage anterior to esophagus consisting of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. Middle of respiratory tract, functions to allow air into the lungs
-
General function: exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide). Consists of internal/eternal and inhalation/exhalation
Internal Respiration: exchange of gases between blood vessels (systemic capillaries) and tissue cells
-
Inhalation/Inspiration: breathing in, air into lungs
Exhalation/expiration: breathing out, air out of lungs
Alveolus Cells
Type I Alveolar Cells: most abundant, simple squamous epithelium, one layer, flat
Type II Alveolar Cells: one layer of cuboidal epithelium cells, produce/secrete surfactant, substance that prevents alveolar walls from sticking together
Macrophages: patrol and defend, live in air space, captures tiny particles to brought to pharynx where they are swallowed
Lungs & Pleura
Pleura: visceral pleura (serous membrane on lung) separated from parietal pleura (serous membrane on body cavity wall) by pleura cavity (space filled with serous fluid) to avoid friction of organ against body cavity wall.
Lungs: Right side consists of superior, middle and inferior. Left side is smaller to make space for heart and also only has a superior and inferior lobe. apex is on the top and bottom is bordered by diaphragm
Order of air passage: bronchi --> bronchioles --> terminal bronchioles --> respiratory bronchioles --> alveolar ducts --> alveolar sacs --> alveoli
Respiratory Membrane: Alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membrane, gases are exchanged here between alveolus and blood