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JessicaNyquistLymphatic&ImmuneSystems (Lymphatic Organs (Spleen…
JessicaNyquistLymphatic&ImmuneSystems
Lymphatic System Structures
Lymph
AKA: Interstitial fluid when substance is inside lymph vessels
Takes up waste in interstitial space (bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, proteins
Blood
Liquid plasma
Contains many types of cells
Connective tissue
Interstitial Fluid
Located between cells
Primarily water
A part of areolar C.T.
Lymphatic Organs
Spleen
Composed of reticular tissue
Destroys antigens
Giant lymph node
Removal and recycling of erythrocytes
Lymph Vessels
Capillaries
Single epithelial tissue layer
Larger Lymph Vessels
Have Valves (also known as clefts/flaps)
No pump
Open circuit: flows from distal regions of body towards heart
Thoracic Duct
Drains from left side of body
Right Lymphatic Duct
Drains from right side of body
Thymus
Immature lymphocytes develop into T-Lymphocytes
Secretes thymic hormones
Also an endocrine gland
Made of epithelial tissue
Lymph Nodes
Composed of reticular tissue (provides space)
Have afferent and efferent vessels
Have valves
Functions
Take in lymph
Remove & destroy antigens (foreign cells)
Tonsils
Tubul tonsil
Ring around opening from pharynx to middle ear
Traps invaders and destroys them
Dense clusters of MALT
Makes memory lymphocytes
Lymphoid Nodules
Found in intestines
Destroys pathogens
Abundant lymphoids
Makes memory lymphocytes
Lymphatic Tissues & Cells
Leukocytes
Agranulocytes
Lymphocyte
B-Lymphocytes
Macrophage phagotize antibody-marked cells
Plasma cells secrete antibodies
Cells mature in bone marrow, then migrate to blood (becomes plasma cells)
Antibodies bind to antigens to mark cell for destruction
T-lymphocyes
Bind with antigens on foreign cells
Secrete proteins that cut plasma membrane of cell (lyse)
Memory Cells
Allow for quicker response due to already acquired immunity
Cells present forever in body
Monocyte
Termed macrophage when it leaves the bloodstream
Very large
Swallows debri
Granulocytes
Eosinophil
Phagocyte
Engulfs allergens & parasites
Neutrophil
Engulfs bacteria
Phagocytes
Basophil
Secretes fluids involved with inflammation
Makes capillaries more leaky to let leukocytes in
Mucosa Associated Lymphatic Tissue (MALT)
Location
Urinary System
Respiratory System
Rerproductive System
Digestive System
Parts of body open to the outside
Function
Fight invading microorganisms
Structure
Epithelial & connective tissues
Lined with mucus membranes
Lymphatic System Functions
Takes up lipids from small intestine
Works with immune system to combat foreign cells and cancer cells
Takes up excess interstitial fluid & returns it to the blood