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CORRECTIONS (Case Laws (McClesky v. Kemp (1987) - Racial discrimination,…
CORRECTIONS
Case Laws
McClesky v. Kemp (1987) - Racial discrimination
Atkins v. Virginia (2002) - No execution mentally disabled
Gregg v. Georgia (1976) - Aggravating/mitigating
Roper v. Simmons (2005) - No execution of offenders U 18
Furman v. Georgia (1972) - 8th Amend. Issue
Procunier v. Martinez (1974) - Mail censorship
Turner v. Safley (1987) - May restrict inmate mail
Hudson v. Palmer (1984) - May search cells/confiscate
Bell v. Wolfish (1979) - Inmate Body searches permissible
History
Colonial Period
1600-1790's
Angilican Code
Fines/Corporal Punishment
Physical Punishment
Capital Punishment/Death
Penitentiary
1790's - 1860's
Isolation/Labor
Sepatate vs. Congregate
Reformation via suffering
Styles
Pennsylvania System
Separated system
Quaker - Reformation / Isolation / repentance
New York System
Congregate System
Night - isolation
Day - group inmate work
Convict Leasing
Slavery by another name
Inmate slave labor
"plantation model corrections"
Reformatory
1870's - 1890's
Indeterminate sentences
Separation of sexes
Rehabilitation Era
1930's - 1960's
Env./offender rehab
Vocational training
Education
Medical/Psychological treatment
Community Model
1960's - 1970's
Distrust of government
Reintegration / community programming
Crime Control
"Get tough on crime"
1970's -2000's
Longer Sentences
Mandatory Sentences
3 strikes legislation
Incarceration levels rise
Challenges
Rewards & Punishments
Exchange Relationships
Defects of total power
Inmate Leadership
Elderly Inmates
152,000 inmates 55+
$ Cost Increase Medical/Secuity
Long-term prisoners
mental health
connection to community
Mentally Ill Inmates
Security
Psychiatric units
Cost
Violence
Mental illness
Prisoner on Prisoner
Race
Prisoner on Officer
Age
Officer on Prisoner
Type/Methods
Execution
Gas Chamber
Firing Squad
Electrocution
Hanging
Lethal Injection
Force (use)
Self defense
Defense of another
Upholding prison rules
Prevention of a crime
Escape prevention
Community Corrections
Minor offenses
Equal Recidivism
Less expensive
Avoid Jail/Prison overcrowd
Probation
21 states - 1920
44 states - WWII
Founder - John Augustus (Boston 1841)
Jail
Hold pretrial detainees
Convicted offenders
Serving short sentences
Prison
Long Sentencing
Felonies, etc.
Serious Crimes
Inmate code
Adaptive roles/leadership
Terms
Gleaning - Adv.Prison programs
Jailing - Choose a life within prison
"Doing Time" - cost of doing business/break
Disorganized Criminal
Economy in prison
Classification
Goals
Reintegration into society
Custodial Model
Rehabilitation of Individual
Decrease Prison Violence
Weapon availability
Overcrowding avoidance
Architectural design
Adequate Supervision
Links with Concept Maps 1-3
Policing
The Courts
Crime
^^^ All needed to proceed to corrections model