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the peripheral and endocrine system (Cranial Nerves (I Olfactory (sensory…
the peripheral and endocrine system
Cranial Nerves
I Olfactory
sensory nerve that functions in sense of smell
II Optic
arises from retina of eye and functions in vision
III Oculomotor
most of muscles of eye, eyelid, functions in vision
IV Trochealear
superior oblique muscle of eye
IX Glassophryngeal
motor-secretion of saliva; sensory-taste, regulation of blood pressure, and proprioception of muscles, involved in swallowing
V Trigeminal
motor chewing; sensory-skin of face
VI Abucens
lateral rectus eye muscle abducts the eye
VII Facial
motor to muscles of facial expression; sensory taste
VIII Vestibulococholear
sensory-hearing and equilibrium ( balance )
X Vagus
motor-smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, secretion of digestive fluids: heart, lungs- parasympathetic innervation; sensory from visceral organs it supplies and proprioception
XI Accessory
motor: swallowing and movements of head; sensory-proprioception
X II hypoglass
motor-movement of tongue during speech and swallowing; sensory proprioception
Divisions of Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic Divsion
originates in the thoracolumbar ( T, Thru L2 ) segments of the spinal cord
neurotransmitters: epinephrine & nurepinephrine
effector organs: eyes, lungs, heart, etc.
parasympathetic Division
Originates in brainstem and sacral
neurotransmitters: acetylcholine
effector organs salivary glands, digestive & reproductive organs
endocrine organs of the brain
pineal gland
melatonin- controls sleep cycles, and temperature
hypothalamus-produces hormones that stimulates the pituitary gland
pituitary gland
anterior lobe- makes and releases hormones under the control of the hypothalmus
antidiuretic hormone-regulates fluid balance by increasing body fluid volume an decreasing urine output
oxytocin-stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor and milk "let down"
Hormones of Pituitary Gland
Follicle Stimulates hormone-stimulates egg maturation in the ovary and release sex hormones
Luteinizing Hormone- both involved with development of ovaries and testes
prolactin-initiates and maintains milk secretion
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone-control basal metabolic rate by releasing thyroxine
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone-Stimulates production of melanin in the skin