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Autoclaves (121 C (15 PSI (15 MIN)), 126 C (20 PSI (10 MIN)), 134 C (30…
Autoclaves
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Heat sterlisation; Autoclave (steam under pressure)
- Verticle
- Horizontal
- Vacuum-assisted
Dry Heat;
- Hot air oven
- High-Vaccum oven
- Conection oven
Cold sterilisation; Ethylene oxide.
Commercial solutions are chemical and alcohol based.
Gamma radiation.
Items that are sensitive to heat are;
- Fibreoptic equipment
- Lenses
- Plastics
Verticle pressure cooker; Boils water in open container, air vent at the top, closes when air pressure builds. Disadvantage- Air pressure will get trapped underneath the system. Temps in this area will be lower and sterility isnt garunteed. Manually operated and room for human error.
Horizontal/Verticle downward placement autoclave; Larger+ fully automated. Electric operated boiler which is incorperated as steam. Air is driven out by downward displacement. Air outlet at the bottom and steam outlet at the top. Loose instrument sterilisation rather than packs as they have insufficient pentrating abilility. Packs seem dry but they are damp allowing entry of microorganisms during storage period.
Vacuum assisted; High vaccum pump to evacuate air rapidly at the beginning of the cycle. Steam penetration after evacuation is almost intantaneous and sterilisation is quick. 2nd vacuum withdraws moisture and dries the load. Suitable for all types of instruments, drapes and equipment, choice of cycles with different air pressure and temps. Fully automated+ failsafe mechanisms.
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Fabric, rubber goods and plastic cannot withstand high and dry temps.
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Non-Cutting instruments, Powders and Oils- 160 C- 120min
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