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Corrections (Doing Time (How to decrease prison violence? (Reducing…

- - - - Female population of inmates is rapidly growing
      - Our prison age is a lot older than we conceptualize and is getting older and older every year
  - - - Risk to security
      - Education
      - Readiness/time to release
      - Ability to work
      - Age
        
        Ageing out - the older you get, the less likely you are to commit a crime (risk aversion)
  - - - May be low estimate due to lack of testing
  - - - Revolving door
    - - Security
      - Psychiatric units
      - Cost
    - - Increase in use of prescription medication
      - Outpatient with meds less expensive
  - - - Programming
      - Connection to community
      - Mental health
  - - - Created within prison?
        
        Don't snitch, don't rat out, don't tell
        
        Don't steal
      - Imported?
    - - Gleaning
      - Jailing
      - Doing time
      - Disorganized
  - - - Goods
      - Services
  - - - Race
      - Mental illness
      - Age
    - - Prisoner - Officer
      - Officer - prisoner
        
        Not an issue of appropriate use of force
      - Prisoner - prisoner
- - - - Contract
      - Custody
      - Grace
  - - - Labor on chain gang
      - Limited freedom
      - Strict imprisonment
      - Ticket of leave/conditional pardon
      - Full restoration of liberty
    - - Ticket of leave transitioned to condition-based parole
  - - - Released conditional parole supervision
    - - is not supervised in the community
  - - - Enforce conditions or release
      - May search without notice, warrant
      - Keep community safe
      - Arrest without bail for suspected violations
    - - Liaison between parole and the community
      - Build relationship for success
      - Assist with housing, employment
  - - - Hearing to determine probable cause
      - Parole board determines if violation, and response
    - - Attempt keep parolee in community
- - - - Maintaining inmates/offenders
      - Retribution in the purest idea
    - - Changing of the inmate
    - - "from the time they step in the door, we are preparing them for the moment they step outside the door"
  - - - Don't have a choice
      - People could become hostile
    - - Courts assign where the offender goes
    - - Daily operation
      - Compliance
  - - - Deputy warden management
      - Deputy warden custody
      - Deputy warden programs
      - Deputy warden industry and agriculture
  - - - When an officer doesn't rush in to break up a fight, it's because they don't have the necessary tools to break it up or they are "out-gunned"
    - - Tower guards have the weapons in order to stop inmates from escaping
      - The armory
- - - - The client/offender can contribute to these corrections
    - - Recidivism - the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend
  - - - 21 states by 1920
      - 44 states by beginning of WWII
      - First statewide system in Massachusetts, 1880
      - Began as a second chance,evolved to supervision and service provision (case management
      - John Augustus, Boston 1841
      - Now incorporates risk assessment
    - - Centralized vs Decentralized
        
        Funding
        
        Training
        
        Combined with parole - more likely with centralized
        
        Indiana is DECENTRALIZED - probation is run at the county level and parole is run at the state level
      - Works best with solid working relationship between judge and supervising officer
  - - - Home, work
    - - Update or modification hearings
      - Revocation
        
        Technical violation
      - New PSIs requested
  - - - Costly to offender
      - High failure rate
      - Requires telephone service
    - - Daily check-ins
      - Often require programming
    - - Probation diversion
      - Institutional diversion
  - - - Youthful offenders
      - Resolve "discipline issues"
      - Shock incarceration
      - Decline in use since 2000s